<–2/”>a >Uttarakhand totally dependend on agriculture more than 4/5 of the working Population is directly engaged in agriculture.Doon valley ,nainital district,udham singh nagar and haridwar produce large quantities of food grains.it has immense potential for the development of Horticulture-2/”>Horticulture cross-apple,orange , malta , pear , grapes , peach, plum apricot, litchi , mango ,guava etc are widely produced fruits.
Other important occupations include Forestry,sheep rearing and Livestock farming and household or Cottage industries.
Agriculture takes place in the river valleys of uttarakhand,several slops have been shaped into field terraces, a common trend in mountain agriculture everywhere.the uttarakhand farmer have also developed advanced manure,Crop Rotation and inter-Cropping practices . most land along the slopes remains unirrigated.
Three types of agriculture are these river valley :-
Katil ( forest edge land): hoe cultivation,rotation of 3 crops in 5 years , important crops:- Millets , amaranth
Upraon ( hillside land) : always terraced , but unirrigated , important crops :- mandua , jhangora , chaulai .
Talaon ( valley bottom land) : paddy cultivation , low-lying , irrigated , double cropped . important crops :- wheat , rice, sugarcane etc.
Ecological sub–region altitude (m) chief crops
Lower dun,terai 300-600 wheat, rice , sugarcane
Upper dun , bhabar , lower shivaliks 600-1,200 wheat , rice , mandua , jhangora
, chaulai , maize.
Middle garhwal-kumaon 1,200-1,800 wheat , rice , mandua , jhangora
,‖ cheena‖ ,potato , barley
Upper garhwal-kumaon 1,800-2,400 wheat , barley , potao , chaulai ,
cheena , ― phaphra ―
Cold zone 2,400-3,600 wheat , barley , potato ,
phaphra , chaulai , kauni ,ogal
different pulses are inter-cropped during the two harvest periods :-
early winter after the rainy season (millet)
midsummer before the hot dry season ( barley-wheat)
dry and wet rice , taro , pumpkins , beans , corn , ginger , chill , cucumbers , leafy vegetables and tobacco are also cultivated.potatoes
have developed into a principal cash crop growing in areas unpropitious for other Plants.
Conventional Himalayan agriculture is being destroyed by market stresses,introducing both economic and cultural modifications in uttarakhand. Ancient self-sufficiency has been replaced by dependency on imports from the plains , with their pesticide or chemical fertilizer-enhanced products . cultural domination from the plains also poses a threat to the usual foods as an Conventional Himalayan agriculture is being destroyed by market stresses,introducing both economic and cultural modifications in uttarakhand. Ancient self-sufficiency has been replaced by dependency on imports from the plains , with their pesticide or chemical fertilizer-enhanced products . cultural domination from the plains also poses a threat to the usual foods as an increasing preference for mill-polished rice is triumphing over mountain crops.
LAND DISTRIBUTION
The pattern of land ownership is unlike that found in the rest of india.most uttarakhand farmers are owner-cultivators.tenant farming and sharecropping are rare , and landholding generally small and limited to family farms .the zamindari system of big landholders is limited to the plains . both geography and pahari cultural heritage has played a role in maintaining traditionally more equitable , if impoverished , land distribution in uttarakhand.
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Agriculture is the backbone of the Uttarakhand economy, employing over 60% of the state’s population. The state is home to a wide variety of crops, including rice, wheat, maize, sugarcane, and pulses. Uttarakhand also has a significant Dairy Industry.
The state’s agriculture sector is facing a number of challenges, including Climate change, water scarcity, and Soil degradation. However, the government is taking steps to address these challenges, such as investing in Irrigation Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE and promoting sustainable Farming practices.
Agriculture in Uttarakhand is a diverse and complex sector. The state’s climate varies from the tropical plains in the south to the temperate hills in the north. This diversity is reflected in the range of crops that are grown in Uttarakhand.
The main crops grown in Uttarakhand are rice, wheat, maize, sugarcane, and pulses. Rice is the most important crop, accounting for over 40% of the state’s agricultural output. Wheat is the second most important crop, followed by maize, sugarcane, and pulses.
Uttarakhand also has a significant dairy industry. The state is home to over 10 million cattle, which produce over 2 million tonnes of milk per year. The dairy industry is a major source of EMPLOYMENT in Uttarakhand.
The agriculture sector in Uttarakhand is facing a number of challenges. Climate Change is a major threat to the state’s agriculture sector. The state is already experiencing the effects of climate change, such as rising temperatures and erratic rainfall. These changes are making it difficult for farmers to grow crops.
Water scarcity is another major challenge facing the agriculture sector in Uttarakhand. The state receives less than 1,000 mm of rainfall per year, and most of this rainfall occurs during the monsoon season. This means that farmers have to rely on groundwater for irrigation. However, groundwater levels are declining in Uttarakhand, due to over-extraction.
Soil degradation is another major challenge facing the agriculture sector in Uttarakhand. The state’s soil is prone to erosion, due to the steep slopes of the hills. This erosion is making it difficult for farmers to grow crops.
The government of Uttarakhand is taking steps to address the challenges facing the agriculture sector. The government is investing in irrigation infrastructure, such as Dams and canals. The government is also promoting sustainable farming practices, such as rainwater harvesting and crop rotation.
The agriculture sector is a vital part of the Uttarakhand economy. The government is taking steps to address the challenges facing the sector, and the future of agriculture in Uttarakhand looks bright.
Here are some additional details about the agriculture sector in Uttarakhand:
- The state’s agriculture sector is worth over â¹100 billion.
- The sector employs over 60% of the state’s population.
- The main crops grown in Uttarakhand are rice, wheat, maize, sugarcane, and pulses.
- Uttarakhand also has a significant dairy industry.
- The state is home to over 10 million cattle, which produce over 2 million tonnes of milk per year.
- The dairy industry is a major source of employment in Uttarakhand.
- The agriculture sector in Uttarakhand is facing a number of challenges, including climate change, water scarcity, and soil degradation.
- The government of Uttarakhand is taking steps to address these challenges, such as investing in irrigation infrastructure and promoting sustainable farming practices.
What are the main crops grown in Uttarakhand?
The main crops grown in Uttarakhand are rice, wheat, maize, barley, millets, pulses, oilseeds, sugarcane, and vegetables.
What are the main challenges facing agriculture in Uttarakhand?
The main challenges facing agriculture in Uttarakhand are:
- Land degradation: The state is facing a serious problem of land degradation due to deforestation, overgrazing, and unsustainable agricultural practices.
- Water scarcity: Uttarakhand is a water-stressed state and the agriculture sector is facing a serious problem of water scarcity.
- Climate change: The state is also facing the Impact Of Climate Change, which is leading to changes in rainfall patterns, temperature, and extreme weather events.
- Pests and diseases: The agriculture sector is also facing the problem of pests and diseases, which are causing significant damage to crops.
What are the government’s initiatives to address the challenges facing agriculture in Uttarakhand?
The government has taken a number of initiatives to address the challenges facing agriculture in Uttarakhand, including:
- Promoting sustainable agricultural practices: The government is promoting sustainable agricultural practices, such as rainwater harvesting, Drip Irrigation, and Organic Farming.
- Providing irrigation facilities: The government is providing irrigation facilities to farmers in the state.
- Providing crop insurance: The government is providing crop insurance to farmers in the state.
- Providing subsidies on agricultural inputs: The government is providing subsidies on agricultural inputs, such as seeds, Fertilizers, and pesticides.
- Promoting agricultural research and development: The government is promoting agricultural research and development in the state.
- Promoting agricultural Marketing: The government is promoting Agricultural Marketing in the state.
What are the future prospects of agriculture in Uttarakhand?
The future prospects of agriculture in Uttarakhand are positive. The state has a number of advantages, such as a favorable climate, fertile land, and a skilled workforce. The government is also taking a number of initiatives to promote agriculture in the state. However, there are also a number of challenges, such as land degradation, water scarcity, climate change, and pests and diseases. The government needs to address these challenges in order to ensure the Sustainable Development of agriculture in the state.
Which of the following is not a major crop grown in Uttarakhand?
(A) Rice
(B) Wheat
(C) Sugarcane
(D) TeaWhich of the following is the main source of irrigation in Uttarakhand?
(A) Canals
(B) Wells
(C) Tanks
(D) Tube wellsWhich of the following is the main type of livestock reared in Uttarakhand?
(A) Cattle
(B) Sheep
(C) Goats
(D) BuffaloesWhich of the following is the main forest product of Uttarakhand?
(A) Timber
(B) Bamboo
(C) Honey
(D) ResinWhich of the following is the main tourist attraction of Uttarakhand?
(A) The Himalayas
(B) The temples of Haridwar
(C) The wildlife sanctuaries
(D) The Auli ski resortWhich of the following is the capital of Uttarakhand?
(A) Dehradun
(B) Haridwar
(C) Nainital
(D) MussoorieWhich of the following is the highest peak in Uttarakhand?
(A) Nanda Devi
(B) Kedarnath
(C) Badrinath
(D) GangotriWhich of the following is the largest river in Uttarakhand?
(A) Ganga
(B) Yamuna
(C) Alaknanda
(D) BhagirathiWhich of the following is the main language spoken in Uttarakhand?
(A) Hindi
(B) Garhwali
(C) Kumaoni
(D) PahariWhich of the following is the main religion in Uttarakhand?
(A) Hinduism-2/”>Hinduism
(B) Islam
(C) Christianity
(D) Sikhism