Urbanisation in Telangana State

The urban Population in Telangana is rapidly increasing and it has surpassed the national Average too. About 21 per cent of the State’s population was in urban areas in 1971, as against the national urban population of 18 per cent. However, there was a steep rise in urban population by 1981 to 25.3 per cent mainly due to increase in population in Hyderabad. Further, there has been a substantial jump in urban population during the period 2001 to 2011, from 31.8 per cent to 38.9 per cent. Thus, the Growth in urban population in the state is much higher than all India.

As per 2011 census, 1.36 crore, i.e., 38.9 per cent of the State’s total population of 3.5 crore, lives in urban areas. Temporal analysis of urbanisation in Telangana reveals that there has been continuous increase in the proportion of urban population in India. According to Census 2011, about 31.2 per cent of the country’s total population lives in urban areas. State-wise comparison of urban population in India reveals that out of 29 states, 11 have urban population higher than the national average of 31.2 per cent. Telangana, with 38.9 per cent urban population, stands seventh in terms of urbanisation in the country, according to the Socio-Economic Outlook -2018 tabled in the State Legislative Assembly on Thursday.

Distribution of urban population across Telangana reveals that, about 20 per cent of the State population is concentrated in the Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation area. The Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation has been another fast-urbanising geographical area in the state. At present, GWMC accounts for about two per cent of the state’s total population. Warangal, being a historical city and located in a central point, well-connected by rail Network and other transportation means, the city and its adjoining urban agglomeration is growing fast, with increased economic activities, the survey stated.

Another emerging urban agglomeration has been around the Ramagundam Municipal Corporation. The region has vast deposits of coal. Mineral-based and ancillary industries are coming up in and around Ramagundam, Godavarikhani and Mancherial. Public Sector Undertakings of the State and Centre viz., SCCL, and National Thermal Power Corporation, are located in this area and provide added advantages for industrial development in this region.

Spatio-temporal changes in telangana Urbanization

The efficiency of urban settlements largely depends on regional planning, Services provided and efficient management of available Resources. With rapid urbanisation in developing countries, urban sprawl has become a vital point of research. Results depicting loss of vegetation cover from land cover analysis points at the rate of Environmental Degradation, imbalance in the native ecosystem and therefore calls for an immediate action. While the statistics from land use analysis insists to focus on the hotspots of possible urban agglomeration within the metropolitan development boundary. The results obtained helps the urban planners and modellers to identify and predict significant areas of urban growth and therefore to strategize for Sustainable Development for optimum resource utilization. These plans could be adapted to control or mitigate the negative potential impacts on the Environment/”>Urban environment.

Land cover analysis was performed for the year 1989, 1999, 2009 and 2014. The outcome of land cover analysis showed clear indication of vegetation deterioration from 1989 to 2014. Increase in non-vegetation categories i.e. bare Soil, barren land, quarry site, rocky fields etc. can be easily visualized. The results undoubtedly suggest at least 35% of vegetation has been converted into other category of land uses from 1989 to 2014. To understand land use changes, especially to estimate the Percentage built-up area, which is a key metric to measure urban growth and sprawl. There is steep increase in built up areas pertaining to Malakpet, Madapur, Bollaram, Kukkatpally, Cherlapally etc. showing 93% (1989-1999), 319% (1999-2009) and 56% (2009-2014). Significant changes are observed in all the categories especially the urban land use shows tremendous change during the year 1999 to 2009. This rapid change can be related to the Industry oriented policy measures and importance for the information technology sector given in Hyderabad region during 2000’s. Other category has been consistently decreasing from 90.50% in 1989 to 72.59% in 2014.Water bodies have also seen an alarming rate of decline from 3.75% to 1.84%. Confusion matrix was generated to estimate overall accuracy and Kappa statistic. Overall accuracy varied from 87% to 94% in Hyderabad region. These higher accuracy levels showed all the classified images were in good terms with respect to reference maps selected.

Urban Growth and Migration

The projected population of the Telangana State in 2016 is nearly 38 million. The population of the state is predominantly rural with 61.33 percent and remaining 38.67 percent of people residing in urban areas. Urban population in the State grew by 38.12 percent in the decade 2001 to 2011 as compared with 25.13 percent in the proceeding decade. In sharp contrast, rural population in the State grew by a modest 2.13 percent as per the 2011 census. The growth of urban population is mainly on account of migration from rural areas. The capital city of Hyderabad which is entirely urban accounts for over 29 percent of the State‟s total urban population (2011). The population of the State consists predominantly of backward classes and people belonging to the lower rung of the social ladder. Of the total population of the State, Scheduled Caste constitutes 15.45 percent and the scheduled tribes 9.08 percent. The percentage of ST population is higher than the national average 8.60 percent. There has been a significant increase in the percentage of tribal population in total population from 2.81 percent in 1961 to 8.19 in 1981 and further 9.08 in 2011.

70 percent population lives in the rural areas and their main source of livelihood is agriculture. Labour is the single most important factor in determining NATIONAL INCOME. POVERTY is the main obstacle for the development of any country, but it is a very grave phenomenon where a section of Society is unable to fulfill the basic necessities of life like bread, cloth, house and Education. In rural areas people don‟t get an EMPLOYMENT, their main livelihood is mostly agriculture and in some cases seasonal employment in agriculture, that‟s why workers face a lot of problems. The landless poor who mostly belong to lower castes, indigenous communities and economically backward regions constitute the major portion of Migrants. In the very large Tribal Regions of India intrusion of outsiders, settlements by the outsiders displacing the local tribal people and deforestation also played a major role in Migration.

Urbanisation in Telangana State

Telangana is a state in India that has been experiencing rapid urbanisation in recent years. The state’s population is projected to double by 2050, and the majority of this growth will be concentrated in urban areas. This urbanisation is bringing with it a number of challenges, including the need for improved Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE, housing, and services. However, it also presents a number of opportunities, such as the potential for economic growth and development.

History of urbanisation in Telangana State

Telangana has a long history of urbanisation. The first major urban centres in the state were established during the rule of the Kakatiya dynasty in the 12th and 13th centuries. These cities, such as Warangal and Hyderabad, were important centres of Trade and Commerce.

The British East India Company took control of Telangana in the 18th century, and the state’s urban centres continued to grow under British rule. Hyderabad became the capital of the princely state of Hyderabad, and it was a major centre of education and culture.

After India’s independence in 1947, Telangana became a part of the state of Andhra Pradesh. The state’s urban centres continued to grow, but they also faced a number of challenges, such as overcrowding, pollution, and lack of infrastructure.

In 2014, Telangana was carved out of Andhra Pradesh to become a separate state. This has led to a renewed focus on urbanisation in the state, and a number of new policies and initiatives have been introduced to address the challenges of urbanisation.

Current state of urbanisation in Telangana State

Telangana is a rapidly urbanising state. The state’s urban population is projected to double by 2050, and the majority of this growth will be concentrated in the state’s major cities.

The state’s capital, Hyderabad, is the largest city in Telangana. It is a major centre of commerce, education, and culture. The city is home to a number of multinational corporations, and it is a major hub for information technology.

Other major cities in Telangana include Warangal, Nizamabad, and Karimnagar. These cities are also experiencing rapid growth, and they are facing a number of challenges, such as overcrowding, pollution, and lack of infrastructure.

Challenges of urbanisation in Telangana State

The rapid urbanisation of Telangana is bringing with it a number of challenges. These challenges include the need for improved infrastructure, housing, and services.

The state’s infrastructure is struggling to cope with the influx of new residents. The roads are congested, the public transport system is inadequate, and the water and sanitation systems are under pressure.

The state also faces a shortage of housing. The demand for housing is outstripping the supply, and this is leading to an increase in the cost of housing.

The state’s services are also struggling to cope with the growing population. The education system is overcrowded, the healthcare system is understaffed, and the law and order situation is deteriorating.

Opportunities of urbanisation in Telangana State

Despite the challenges, urbanisation also presents a number of opportunities for Telangana. These opportunities include the potential for economic growth and development.

The state’s urban centres are home to a number of industries, including information technology, manufacturing, and pharmaceuticals. These industries have the potential to create jobs and boost the state’s economy.

The state’s urban centres are also home to a number of educational institutions, including universities, colleges, and schools. These institutions can help to develop the state’s Human Capital and attract Investment.

Policies and initiatives for urbanisation in Telangana State

The Telangana government has introduced a number of policies and initiatives to address the challenges of urbanisation. These policies and initiatives include the following:

The Telangana State Urban Development Policy (2015): This policy aims to promote sustainable urbanisation in the state. It focuses on the development of infrastructure, housing, and services.
The Telangana State Housing Policy (2016): This policy aims to provide affordable housing to all sections of the population. It focuses on the development of low-cost housing and the provision of subsidies to the poor.
The Telangana State Urban Infrastructure Development Fund (2017): This fund aims to provide financial assistance to local governments for the development of infrastructure. It focuses on the development of roads, bridges, water supply, and sanitation systems.

Future of urbanisation in Telangana State

The future of urbanisation in Telangana is uncertain. The state’s urban centres are facing a number of challenges, but they also present a number of opportunities. The Telangana government will need to carefully manage the process of urbanisation in order to ensure that the state benefits from the opportunities and minimizes the challenges.

What is urbanisation?

Urbanisation is the process of people moving from rural areas to cities. It is a global phenomenon that has been happening for centuries.

What are the causes of urbanisation?

There are many factors that contribute to urbanisation, including:

Economic opportunities: Cities offer more job opportunities than rural areas.
Education: Cities have better schools and universities than rural areas.
Infrastructure: Cities have better infrastructure, such as roads, hospitals, and schools.
Amenities: Cities offer more amenities, such as restaurants, shops, and entertainment.

What are the effects of urbanisation?

Urbanisation has both positive and negative effects. Some of the positive effects include:

Economic growth: Urbanisation can lead to economic growth, as cities are centers of commerce and industry.
Innovation: Cities are centers of innovation, as people from different backgrounds come together to share ideas.
Diversity: Cities are more diverse than rural areas, which can lead to a more tolerant and open-minded society.

Some of the negative effects of urbanisation include:

Poverty: Urbanisation can lead to poverty, as people who move to cities may not be able to find jobs or afford housing.
Crime: Urbanisation can lead to crime, as cities are more densely populated and there is more anonymity.
Pollution: Urbanisation can lead to pollution, as cities produce more waste and have more traffic congestion.

What are the challenges of urbanisation?

One of the biggest challenges of urbanisation is providing adequate housing for everyone. Cities are becoming increasingly crowded, and it is difficult to find affordable housing. Another challenge is providing adequate infrastructure, such as roads, hospitals, and schools. Cities are growing rapidly, and it can be difficult to keep up with the demand for these services.

What are the solutions to the challenges of urbanisation?

There are a number of solutions to the challenges of urbanisation. One solution is to build more affordable housing. Another solution is to improve infrastructure. Cities can also invest in public transportation to reduce traffic congestion.

What is the future of urbanisation?

Urbanisation is expected to continue in the future. The world’s population is expected to grow to 9 billion by 2050, and most of this growth will occur in cities. Cities will need to find ways to accommodate this growth and provide adequate housing, infrastructure, and services.

Question 1

Which of the following is not a factor that contributes to urbanisation?

(A) Natural increase
(B) Migration
(C) Industrialisation
(D) Deforestation

Answer
(D) Deforestation is not a factor that contributes to urbanisation. Urbanisation is the process of people moving from rural areas to urban areas. The factors that contribute to urbanisation include natural increase, migration, and industrialisation. Natural increase is the increase in population due to births minus deaths. Migration is the movement of people from one place to another. Industrialisation is the process of converting raw materials into finished products.

Question 2

Which of the following is a positive effect of urbanisation?

(A) Increased job opportunities
(B) Improved infrastructure
(C) Increased access to education and healthcare
(D) All of the above

Answer
(D) All of the above are positive effects of urbanisation. Increased job opportunities are a positive effect of urbanisation because there are more jobs available in urban areas than in rural areas. Improved infrastructure is a positive effect of urbanisation because urban areas have better roads, schools, hospitals, and other infrastructure than rural areas. Increased access to education and healthcare is a positive effect of urbanisation because urban areas have more schools and hospitals than rural areas.

Question 3

Which of the following is a negative effect of urbanisation?

(A) Increased pollution
(B) Increased crime
(C) Increased traffic congestion
(D) All of the above

Answer
(D) All of the above are negative effects of urbanisation. Increased pollution is a negative effect of urbanisation because there is more pollution in urban areas than in rural areas. Increased crime is a negative effect of urbanisation because there is more crime in urban areas than in rural areas. Increased traffic congestion is a negative effect of urbanisation because there is more traffic congestion in urban areas than in rural areas.

Question 4

Which of the following is a way to mitigate the negative effects of urbanisation?

(A) Improve public transportation
(B) Build more green spaces
(C) Invest in education and job training
(D) All of the above

Answer
(D) All of the above are ways to mitigate the negative effects of urbanisation. Improving public transportation can help to reduce traffic congestion. Building more green spaces can help to improve air quality. Investing in education and job training can help to reduce crime.

Question 5

What is the current Population of Telangana State?

(A) 35 million
(B) 40 million
(C) 45 million
(D) 50 million

Answer
(C) The current population of Telangana State is 45 million.

Question 6

What is the projected population of Telangana State in 2030?

(A) 50 million
(B) 55 million
(C) 60 million
(D) 65 million

Answer
(C) The projected population of Telangana State in 2030 is 60 million.

Question 7

What is the annual growth rate of population in Telangana State?

(A) 1.5%
(B) 2%
(C) 2.5%
(D) 3%

Answer
(A) The annual growth rate of population in Telangana State is 1.5%.

Question 8

What is the urban population of Telangana State?

(A) 20 million
(B) 25 million
(C) 30 million
(D) 35 million

Answer
(B) The urban population of Telangana State is 25 million.

Question 9

What is the projected urban population of Telangana State in 2030?

(A) 30 million
(B) 35 million
(C) 40 million
(D) 45 million

Answer
(C) The projected urban population of Telangana State in 2030 is 40 million.

Question 10

What is the rate of urbanisation in Telangana State?

(A) 2%
(B) 3%
(C) 4%
(D) 5%

Answer
(C) The rate of urbanisation in Telangana State is 3%.