<<–2/”>a href=”https://exam.pscnotes.com/5653-2/”>h2>Understanding UR and EWS Reservations in India
What are UR, EWS, OBC, SC, and ST?
The Indian Constitution recognizes various categories of citizens based on their social and economic backgrounds. These categories are used for affirmative action programs, including reservations in Education and government jobs.
- Unreserved (UR): This category includes individuals who do not belong to any reserved category. They are not eligible for any reservation benefits.
- Economically Weaker Sections (EWS): Introduced in 2019, this category aims to provide reservation benefits to individuals from economically disadvantaged backgrounds within the general category.
- Other Backward Classes (OBC): This category includes socially and educationally backward classes that have historically faced discrimination.
- Scheduled Castes (SC): This category includes individuals belonging to historically oppressed and marginalized communities.
- Scheduled Tribes (ST): This category includes individuals belonging to tribal communities that have historically faced discrimination and marginalization.
EWS Reservation: A New Addition
The 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act of 2019 introduced the EWS reservation, providing 10% reservation in educational institutions and government jobs for individuals belonging to the economically weaker sections within the general category.
Eligibility Criteria for EWS Reservation:
- Annual Family Income: The annual family income of the applicant should not exceed â¹8 lakhs.
- Land Holding: The applicant’s family should not own more than 5 acres of agricultural land.
- Residential Property: The applicant’s family should not own a residential house of more than 1000 square feet in a municipal area or 1500 square feet in a non-municipal area.
Table 1: Reservation Percentages in Central Educational Institutions
| Category | Reservation Percentage |
|---|---|
| SC | 15% |
| ST | 7.5% |
| OBC | 27% |
| EWS | 10% |
| UR | 40.5% |
Table 2: Reservation Percentages in Central Government Jobs
| Category | Reservation Percentage |
|---|---|
| SC | 15% |
| ST | 7.5% |
| OBC | 27% |
| EWS | 10% |
| UR | 40.5% |
Impact of EWS Reservation
The introduction of EWS reservation has sparked debates and controversies. Supporters argue that it provides opportunities for economically disadvantaged individuals within the general category, promoting social mobility and inclusivity. Critics argue that it undermines the existing reservation system for SC, ST, and OBC communities, potentially leading to a reduction in their representation in education and employment.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. What is the purpose of EWS reservation?
The EWS reservation aims to provide opportunities for economically disadvantaged individuals within the general category, promoting social mobility and inclusivity.
2. Who is eligible for EWS reservation?
Individuals belonging to the general category whose annual family income does not exceed â¹8 lakhs and meet other eligibility criteria are eligible for EWS reservation.
3. How does EWS reservation affect the existing reservation system?
The introduction of EWS reservation has reduced the reservation percentage for the general category, potentially impacting the representation of SC, ST, and OBC communities.
4. Is EWS reservation applicable to all educational institutions and government jobs?
EWS reservation is applicable to central educational institutions and government jobs, but state governments may have their own reservation policies.
5. What are the arguments for and against EWS reservation?
Supporters argue that it promotes social mobility and inclusivity, while critics argue that it undermines the existing reservation system for SC, ST, and OBC communities.
6. How can I apply for EWS reservation?
The application process for EWS reservation varies depending on the institution or organization. You can find information on the relevant website or contact the concerned authorities.
7. What are the challenges associated with EWS reservation?
Challenges include ensuring fair implementation, addressing concerns about potential impact on other reserved categories, and ensuring Transparency and Accountability in the selection process.
8. What is the future of EWS reservation?
The future of EWS reservation depends on its effectiveness in achieving its objectives and the outcome of ongoing debates and legal challenges.
9. What are the alternatives to EWS reservation?
Alternatives include targeted scholarships, financial assistance, and Skill development programs for economically disadvantaged individuals.
10. How can we ensure that EWS reservation benefits the intended beneficiaries?
Effective implementation, transparency, and accountability are crucial to ensure that EWS reservation benefits the intended beneficiaries.