Tribes history, geographical location,economy and their customs for Ras Prelims and Ras Mains

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NameGeographical location and populationsHistory and lineageEconomic activitySocial and Family life MEENAConstitute about 51.20% of Population and concentrated in districts of Jaipur,Dausa,Sawai Madhopur,Rajsamand and Udaipur

 Word meena means fish, Chandrabhardai states their origin to the kingdom south of alwar,dausa and bharatpur prior to Rajput ruleThey are divided into the Zamindars and Chaukidars.

Chaukidar meens consider themselves to be superior and are seldom involved in criminal activities.Bhrama,Gandharva and Rakshasha form of marriage were prevalent in meenas. Divorce is not common but husband can tear a piece of dupatta and put in palm of wife to divorce.

Family is patrilineal and joint in nature.BHILLargely settled in Banswara,Bhilwara, Dungapur, Udaipur,Sirohi and Chitorgarh DistrictsAnthropologists consider them to be decedents of Mundas, Col. Tod consider them to be the aboriginal inhabitants of aravali area of then Mewar state.They were traditionally nomadic but now they practice Chaimata(Burnig of hill slopes for Cereals,pulses and vegetables cultivation) and Dajia(felling forest of plains) type of agriculture.They wrap Falu around their wriest.

Their houses are known as Koo

Village chief is called Tadvi and Banso.

They eat non vegiteranian food and are habitual drinker of Mahua(local wine)GARASIYAMainly in Udaipur DistrictDecendents of Chauhans and rajputs.Mainly depends on agriculture and cattle rearingThey have patrilineal family.

Three form of marriage (i)Mor Bandhiya (ii)Paharwana (iii) Tanna are prevalent.

Widow remarriage is prevalent.SANSIBharatpurTrace to person named SansmalThey live nomadic life, small scale handicrafs and Cottage industriesThey don’t have permanent residence and are exogamous in nature.

Widow marriage is not allowed.SAHARIYAKotaaborginalFarming and cattle breading.Their villages are known sahrol

They are peace loving

Sagotra marriage is forbiddenKANJARKota,Bundi,Jhalawara,

Bhilwara,alwar,Udaipur,

And AjmerWanderers

Of woodTheivery,Dacoity and highway robbery

They worship “Pati Manga” before their criminal activities.Head is known as Patel.

They take oath of Hakam raja

Non vegetarian  and alcholicKATHODIKotari Tehsil in Baran Agricultural labours DAMORESeeemalwara panchayat of DungarpurTrace their origin to RajputsFarmingThey are non-vegetarian and drink alcohol.

Widow goes for Nata ie informal marriage with some person.

Child Mundan is prevalent.

Highly Superstitious and believes in ghosts and magic

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Tribes are indigenous peoples who have a distinct social, cultural, and economic system that is separate from the dominant Society. They are often found in remote areas, and their way of life is often threatened by contact with the outside world.

The history of tribes is long and complex. They are thought to have originated in Africa, and they migrated to other parts of the world over time. In India, tribes have been living in the country for thousands of years. They have a rich culture and history, and they have made significant contributions to Indian Society.

Tribes are found in all parts of India, but they are concentrated in the north-eastern states, the central highlands, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. They live in a variety of habitats, including forests, Mountains, and deserts. The Climate of tribal areas varies depending on the location. In the north-eastern states, the climate is tropical, while in the central highlands, the climate is temperate. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands have a tropical climate.

The economy of tribes is based on agriculture, Animal Husbandry, hunting and gathering, Trade and Commerce, and handicrafts. Agriculture is the main Source Of Income for most tribes. They grow a variety of crops, including rice, millet, and vegetables. They also raise Livestock, such as cattle, goats, and pigs. Hunting and gathering is still practiced by some tribes, but it is not as important as it once was. Trade and commerce is also important for some tribes. They trade their products, such as handicrafts, with other tribes and with the outside world. Handicrafts are an important source of income for some tribes. They make a variety of handicrafts, such as baskets, Pottery, and jewelry.

The customs of tribes are varied and complex. They have their own unique way of life, which is often based on their religious beliefs. Marriage is an important event in the lives of tribespeople. It is usually arranged by the parents, and the bride and groom often do not meet until the day of the wedding. Death is also an important event in the lives of tribespeople. The body is usually cremated, and the ashes are scattered in a sacred place. Religion is an important part of the lives of tribespeople. They believe in a variety of gods and spirits, and they often have their own unique religious practices. Festivals are also an important part of the lives of tribespeople. They celebrate a variety of festivals throughout the year, and these festivals are often a time for feasting, dancing, and music.

Art and music are also important parts of the lives of tribespeople. They make a variety of art, such as paintings, sculptures, and jewelry. They also have their own unique musical traditions. Dress and ornaments are also important parts of the lives of tribespeople. They often wear traditional clothing, and they wear a variety of ornaments, such as beads, necklaces, and earrings. Food and drink are also important parts of the lives of tribespeople. They eat a variety of foods, including rice, millet, vegetables, meat, and fish. They also drink a variety of drinks, such as tea, coffee, and alcohol.

Tribes are an important part of the Indian society. They have a rich culture and history, and they have made significant contributions to Indian society. It is important to respect their customs and traditions, and to work to protect their rights.

Tribes

Tribes are groups of people who share a common culture, language, and history. They often live in rural areas and have a strong sense of community.

History

Tribes have existed for centuries, and their history is often intertwined with the history of the countries in which they live. In some cases, tribes have been conquered or assimilated by other groups, while in other cases they have maintained their independence.

Geographical location

Tribes can be found all over the world, but they are most common in Africa, Asia, and the Americas. They often live in remote areas, such as forests, mountains, and deserts.

Economy

Tribes typically have a subsistence economy, which means that they rely on hunting, gathering, and farming to meet their basic needs. Some tribes also engage in trade with other groups.

Customs

Tribes have a wide variety of customs, which can vary depending on the tribe’s culture and history. Some common customs include rituals, ceremonies, and festivals.

Frequently asked questions

  1. What are the different types of tribes?

There are many different types of tribes, but some of the most common include hunter-gatherer tribes, agricultural tribes, and pastoral tribes.

  1. What are some of the challenges that tribes face?

Tribes face a number of challenges, including POVERTY, discrimination, and Environmental Degradation.

  1. What are some of the ways that tribes are trying to preserve their culture?

Tribes are working to preserve their culture through Education, language revitalization, and traditional arts and crafts.

  1. What are some of the ways that tribes are contributing to the modern world?

Tribes are contributing to the modern world in a number of ways, including through their art, music, and literature. They are also sharing their knowledge of traditional medicine and sustainable living.

Short answers

  1. Tribes are groups of people who share a common culture, language, and history.
  2. Tribes have existed for centuries, and their history is often intertwined with the history of the countries in which they live.
  3. Tribes can be found all over the world, but they are most common in Africa, Asia, and the Americas.
  4. Tribes typically have a subsistence economy, which means that they rely on hunting, gathering, and farming to meet their basic needs.
  5. Tribes have a wide variety of customs, which can vary depending on the tribe’s culture and history.
  6. Some of the challenges that tribes face include poverty, discrimination, and environmental degradation.
  7. Some of the ways that tribes are trying to preserve their culture include education, language revitalization, and traditional arts and crafts.
  8. Some of the ways that tribes are contributing to the modern world include through their art, music, and literature. They are also sharing their knowledge of traditional medicine and sustainable living.

Here are some MCQs on tribes, history, geographical location, economy, and customs for RAS Prelims and RAS Mains:

  1. Which of the following is not a tribe in India?
    (A) Gond
    (B) Bhil
    (C) Santhal
    (D) Brahmin

  2. The largest tribe in India is the:
    (A) Gond
    (B) Bhil
    (C) Santhal
    (D) Munda

  3. The tribal people of India are concentrated in the following states:
    (A) Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, Sikkim, and Jammu and Kashmir
    (B) Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, Sikkim, and Himachal Pradesh
    (C) Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, Sikkim, and Uttarakhand
    (D) Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, Sikkim, and Uttar Pradesh

  4. The main occupation of the tribal people of India is:
    (A) Agriculture
    (B) Hunting and gathering
    (C) Animal husbandry
    (D) All of the above

  5. The tribal people of India have a rich culture and heritage. Some of their unique customs include:
    (A) The practice of headhunting
    (B) The practice of polyandry
    (C) The practice of witchcraft
    (D) All of the above

  6. The tribal people of India have made significant contributions to the Indian society and culture. Some of their contributions include:
    (A) The development of agriculture
    (B) The development of handicrafts
    (C) The development of music and dance
    (D) All of the above

  7. The tribal people of India have faced many challenges in recent years. Some of these challenges include:
    (A) The loss of their land and Resources
    (B) The displacement from their traditional homelands
    (C) The exploitation by outsiders
    (D) All of the above

  8. The government of India has taken several steps to protect the rights of the tribal people. Some of these steps include:
    (A) The enactment of The Scheduled Tribes And Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition Of Forest Rights) Act, 2006
    (B) The establishment of the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes
    (C) The launch of the Van Dhan Vikas Yojana
    (D) All of the above

  9. The tribal people of India have a bright future. They have the potential to contribute significantly to the development of the country. Some of the ways in which they can contribute include:
    (A) By participating in the mainstream economy
    (B) By preserving their culture and heritage
    (C) By playing a role in the development of the country’s Natural Resources
    (D) All of the above

  10. The tribal people of India are an important part of the country’s social fabric. They have a rich culture and heritage, and they have made significant contributions to the country’s development. The government of India has taken several steps to protect their rights, and they have a bright future.