The thrust of the Scientific Policy Resolution

<–2/”>a >The thrust of the Scientific Policy Resolution, 1958 was on capacity-building in advancement of science as the foundation for making a strong nation, which had just freed itself from the shackles of colonial domination . The focus of the Technology Policy Statement, 1983 was attainment of technological self-reliance and building of national strength by reducing vulnerability in strategic areas .

The Science and Technology Policy, 2003 launched a massive programme for attracting our best talents to the arena of research in basic sciences, so that India continues to earn respect in a competitive knowledge Society.

The Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (STIP), 2013 has put our science, technology an innovation (STI) system as the driver for faster, sustainable and Growth-3/”>Inclusive Growth .

The latest policy envisages creation of a new STI ecosystem, which finds solutions to societal problems and facilitates the entire innovation chain from knowledge to wealth creation, while at the same time attracting best students to this area, ensuring a premier position for India in the scientific world.

Investments in Science and Technology

Global investments in science, technology and innovation are estimated at $1.2 trillion as of 2009. India’s R&D Investment is less than 2.5% of this and is currently under 1 % of the GDP.
Increasing Gross Expenditure in Research and Development (GERD) to 2% of the GDP has been a national goal for some time.
Achieving this in the next five years is realizable if the private sector raises its R&D investment to at least match the public sector R&D investment from the current ratio of around 1 :3. The new paradigm is “Science technology and innovation for the people”.

Position in Research Publications

The gross budgetary support for the science and technology sector has significantly increased during the last decade. The impact of such increase is becoming evident.
India ranks ninth globally in the number of scientific publications and 12th in the number of patents filed. The Composite Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of Indian publications is around 12±1% and India’s global share has increased from 1.8% in 2001 to 3.5% in 2011.
But the Percentage of Indian publications in the top 1 % impact making journals is only 2.5%.
By 2020, the global share of publications must double and the number of papers in the top 1 % journals must quadruple from the current levels.

Key Elements:

Promoting the spread of scientific temper amongst all sections of society.
Enhancing skill for applications of science among the young from all social strata.
Making careers in science, research and innovation attractive enough for talented and bright minds.
Establishing world class Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE for R&D for gaining global Leadership in some select frontier areas of science.
Positioning India among the top five global scientific powers by 2020.
Linking contributions of science, research and innovation system with the inclusive economic growth agenda and combining priorities of excellence and relevance.
Creating an Environment for enhanced Private Sector Participation in R&D.
Enabling conversion of R&D outputs into societal and commercial applications by replicating hitherto successful models as well as establishing of new PPP structures.
Seeding S&T-based high-risk innovations through new mechanisms.
Fostering resource-optimized, cost-effective innovations across size and technology domains.
Triggering changes in the mindset and value systems to recognize, respect and reward performances which create wealth from S& T derived knowledge.
Creating a robust national innovation system

Focus of the Policy

Facilitating private sector investment in R&D centres in India and overseas.
Promoting establishment of large R&D facilities in PPP mode with provisions for benefits sharing.
Permitting multi stakeholders participation in the Indian R&D system.
Treating R&D in the private sector at par with public institutions for availing public funds. Bench marking of R&D funding mechanisms and patterns globally.
Modifying IPR policy to provide for marching rights for social good when supported by public funds and for co-sharing IPRs generated under PPP.
Launching newer mechanisms for nurturing Technology Business Incubators (TBls) and science-led Entrepreneurship.
Providing incentives for commercialization of innovations with focus on green manufacturing Important Observations Policy places greater thrust on innovation, establishing research institutes and encourage Women scientists with an aim to position itself among the top five scientific powers in the world by 2020.
It talks about modifying the intellectual property regime to provide for marching rights for social good when supported by public funds and co-sharing of patents generated in the public private PARTNERSHIP mode.
Aims at producing and nurturing talent in science, to stimulate research in universities, to develop young leaders in the field of science and to reward performance.
Seeks to create a policy environment for greater private sector participation in research and innovation and to forge international alliances and collaborations to meet the national agenda.
Talks of raising gross expenditure in R&D to two per cent of GDP from the current one per cent in this decade by encouraging enhanced private sector contribution.
Seeks to trigger an ecosystem for innovative abilities to flourish by leveraging partnerships among diverse stakeholders and by encouraging and facilitating enterprises to invest in innovations.

Criticism:

The policy hardly describes any structural or procedural changes which will achieve the grand goal of integrating science, technology and innovation to create value in an inclusive manner.,

The Scientific Policy Resolution (SPR) was adopted by the Indian Parliament in 1958. It is a policy statement that outlines the government’s vision for the development of science and technology in India. The SPR has been a guiding force for the development of science and technology in India, and it has helped to make India a major player in the global science and technology arena.

The SPR has four main objectives:

To develop a strong and independent scientific and technological base.
To ensure that the benefits of science and technology are available to all sections of society.
To promote research and development in all areas of science and technology.
To establish and strengthen institutions for scientific and technological Education and research.

The SPR has been successful in achieving these objectives. India has made significant progress in science and technology since the adoption of the SPR. India has developed a strong and independent scientific and technological base, and it is now one of the leading countries in the world in terms of scientific research and development. The benefits of science and technology are available to all sections of society, and India has made significant progress in reducing POVERTY and improving the Quality Of Life for its citizens. India has also promoted research and development in all areas of science and technology, and it has established and strengthened institutions for scientific and technological education and research.

The SPR has been a major factor in the development of science and technology in India. It has helped to make India a major player in the global science and technology arena, and it has helped to improve the lives of millions of Indians.

The SPR has also been criticized for some of its shortcomings. One criticism is that the SPR is too broad and ambitious. The SPR sets out a wide range of objectives, and it is difficult to achieve all of these objectives at the same time. Another criticism is that the SPR is not well-funded. The government has not allocated enough Resources to support the implementation of the SPR. This has made it difficult to achieve the objectives of the SPR.

Despite its shortcomings, the SPR has been a major factor in the development of science and technology in India. It has helped to make India a major player in the global science and technology arena, and it has helped to improve the lives of millions of Indians.

The SPR is a living document, and it has been amended several times since it was adopted in 1958. The most recent amendment was in 2013. The amendment reflects the changing priorities of the government in the field of science and technology. The amendment also emphasizes the need for greater private sector participation in scientific and technological activities.

The SPR is a valuable document that has helped to shape the development of science and technology in India. It is a document that is worth reading and studying for anyone who is interested in the history and development of science and technology in India.

The Scientific Policy Resolution (SPR) was a document adopted by the Government of India in 1958. It outlined the country’s policy for the development of science and technology. The SPR emphasized the need for science and technology to be used for the benefit of the people, and for the country to be self-reliant in science and technology.

The SPR had a significant impact on the development of science and technology in India. It led to the establishment of several new research institutions, and to the expansion of existing ones. It also led to the development of new technologies, such as nuclear power and Space Technology.

The SPR has been criticized for being too idealistic and for not being realistic about the challenges of developing science and technology in a developing country. However, it remains an important document in the history of science and technology in India.

Here are some frequently asked questions about the SPR:

What is the Scientific Policy Resolution?
The Scientific Policy Resolution is a document adopted by the Government of India in 1958. It outlines the country’s policy for the development of science and technology.
What are the objectives of the SPR?
The objectives of the SPR are to:
Promote the growth of science and technology in India
Use science and technology for the benefit of the people
Make India self-reliant in science and technology
What are the achievements of the SPR?
The SPR has had a significant impact on the development of science and technology in India. It led to the establishment of several new research institutions, and to the expansion of existing ones. It also led to the development of new technologies, such as nuclear power and space technology.
What are the criticisms of the SPR?
The SPR has been criticized for being too idealistic and for not being realistic about the challenges of developing science and technology in a developing country.
What is the future of the SPR?
The SPR remains an important document in the history of science and technology in India. It is likely to continue to be debated and discussed for many years to come.

The Scientific Policy Resolution was a policy statement issued by the Government of India in 1958. It outlined the government’s commitment to promoting science and technology in India. The resolution emphasized the need for basic research, applied research, and development. It also called for the establishment of national laboratories and research institutes.

The resolution had a significant impact on the development of science and technology in India. It led to the establishment of several new institutions, including the Indian Institutes of Technology and the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. It also helped to increase funding for research and development.

The resolution has been criticized for being too ambitious and for not being adequately implemented. However, it remains an important document in the history of science and technology in India.

Here are some MCQs based on the topic:

The Scientific Policy Resolution was issued in which year?
(A) 1947
(B) 1950
(C) 1958
(D) 1965
Which of the following is not one of the three main areas of focus of the Scientific Policy Resolution?
(A) Basic research
(B) Applied research
(C) Development
(D) Education
Which of the following is not one of the institutions that was established as a result of the Scientific Policy Resolution?
(A) Indian Institutes of Technology
(B) Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
(C) Indian Institutes of Management
(D) Indian Institutes of Science
Which of the following is not one of the criticisms of the Scientific Policy Resolution?
(A) It was too ambitious.
(B) It was not adequately implemented.
(C) It did not focus enough on basic research.
(D) It did not focus enough on applied research.
The Scientific Policy Resolution has had a significant impact on the development of science and technology in India. True or False?