Introduction.
The Gahadvala or sometime spelled as Gadhwal is a Suryavanshi Kshatriya dynasty that ruled the kingdom of Kannauj for approximately a hundred years, beginning in the late eleventh century. Rajput Rathore claim being descendants of Gaharwars
Rebuilding the Kannuj Kingdom.
The Kannauj kingdom was established in the tenth century by Som Chand, who came from Kannuaj near Allahabad; Chand ousted the Katyuri Kings originally from Katyur valley near Joshimath, who had ruled the area since the seventh century AD. Chand retained the name of Kurmanchal for the state, and Kurm for the people, leaving the capital in Champawat. Kurmanchal named this region Kumaon.
Foundation of the Gahadwar Dynasty at Kannuj.
Chandradeva founded the Kannauj Gaharwar dynasty in 1090 A.D.. Chandradeva expanded the kingdom to include Delhi, Ayodhya, and Varanasi (modern Benares). During the rule of his successor, Govindachandra, from 1114–1154, the state of Gaharwar reached the pinnacle of its power, occupying much of present-day Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. Govindachandra moved his capital from Kannauj to Varanasi. His queen Kumaradevi was a devout Buddhist, and Govindachandra was a patron of both Hindu temples and Buddhist monasteries.
Expansion to Include Delhi.
During the Rajput Raaj in India, the Gaharwar king, Chandradev, successfully commanded Delhi and annexed it to his State of Kannauj. Delhi was under Pratihara Sovereignty at that time, who was being attacked by Rashtrakuta. Chandradev attacked both Rashtrakuta and Pratihara amid their battle with each other, defeated the two enemies now united against him, and took over the state of Delhi. After the Dissolution of the Pratihara empire, Chandradev fought off repeated incursions, which laid down the foundation of the renaissance era in Delhi.
Gaharwar dynasty rule of the district is proved by the discovery at Kudarkot of a copper plate grant dated in the reign of Chandradeva. Chandradeva founded the Gaharwar dynasty at Kanyakubja after defeating a chief named Gopala of Tuar clan. His jurisdiction extended over nearly all of what is modern Uttar Pradesh including this district.
Chandradeva was succeeded by Madanpala, who ruled for a very short period. Madanpala was succeeded by his son Govindachandra. Two copper plate grants of Govindachandra, dated respectively Samvat 1161, or A. D. 1104, and Samvat 1174 or 1117 A. D. have been found in Bisahi, two miles north-east of Tehsil Bidhuna. Another copper plate grant of this king dated Samvat 1166 or A. D. 1109 was found at Rahan. Govindachandra seems to have wielded substantial power in the State while he was only a Yuvaraja, or Crown Prince. He defeated the invading Muslims prior to 1109 A.D., for the Rahan plate records that he “again and again by the play of his matchless fighting” compelled the Hammira (i.e. Amir) to “lay aside his enmity”. The Rahan plate further described Govindachandra as “terrific” in cleaving the frontal gloves of arrays of irresistible mighty large elephants from Gauda”, which shows that Govindachandra must have made some encroachments on Magadha. In short, Govindachandra made himself a power and revised the glories of this region.
Govindachandra was succeeded by his son Vijayachandra in 1155 A. D. Like his father, Vijayachandra also successfully faced Muslim aggressions. As Vijayachandra’ reign began, an unmistakable symptom of decline of the Gaharwar power manifested itself in the loss of Delhi, the Tuar rulers there stopped recognizing Vijaychandra as their sovereign and probably aligned with Chauhans of Ajmer.
The full significance of this loss was realised when, about a generation later, the Muslims attacked Delhi and occupied it, rendering the Gaharwar frontier defenceless. Vijayachandra was succeeded by his son, Jaichandra, in 1170 A. D. Jaichandra may be described as the last great king of The Gahadavala dynasty, whose power and extensive jurisdiction struck even Muslim historians. During the reign of Jaichandra, The Chauhans, from Ajmer, had annexed Delhi and were at this time bidding for supremacy in the North under Prathviraja ChauhanIII. The Chandellas were to the south there; at this time, their power was at its height. Additionally, there were repeated Muslim invasions of North-western India, which had already threatened the unity of India.
Prithviraj carried off Samyukta, daughter of Jaichandra. Samyukta’s elopement with Prithviraj III, heir to the rival Chauhan Rajput kingdom to the west, is the subject of many romantic tales, although this may have been the seed of the dissension between the kingdoms. Jaichand was destined to be the last Gaharwar king of Kannauj. He sought help from Muslims of North to invade Chauhans of Ajmer-Delhi. After fall of Delhi, the city of Kannauj was also attacked by Muhammad of Ghor in 1194; Jaichandra drowned in the Ganges fighting the battle; his kingdom was conquered and sacked by Muhammad’s armies. Some survivors, led by Jaichand’s son or grandson Siyaji (Shiv ji), fled west to the Marwar desert region of Rajasthan, where they established themselves as rulers in the early thirteenth century, founding the Rathore clan which ruled the princely state of Marwar or Jodhpur.
Collateral Branches of Gahadvala Dynasty.
Chand Kings of Kumaon.
Another branch escaped to the Kumaon hills, where 300 years later they usurped power in Kumaon by defeating the ruling Katyuri dynasty. The Chand kings mention Rathore as their kul The present king of Kumaon is Raja Mahendra Chand of Lamakhet (Pithoragarh), married to Rani Gita Chand of Rina and has three children (Rajkumari Aakanksha Chand, Rajkumari Mallika Chand, Rajkumar Aryan Chand)
Vijaypur-Kantit.
Another grandson, Bijai Chand, fled to Kantit in the Mīrzāpur District and, overcoming the Bhar Rāja of that place, founded the family of the Gaharwār Rājas of Bijaipur-Kantit. All the other Gaharwārs trace their lineage to Benāres or Bijaipur. Dahia kingdom is an extension of this line also.
Manda Kings.
Kings of Manda trace their line from a younger brother of Jaichandra of Kannauj. The last king was Raja Vishvanath Pratap Singh of Manda, prime – minister of India from 1989-91. Gaharwar, Rathore and Bundela share the Kashyap Gautra, and Gaharwar is considered the original bloodline for both Bundela and Rathore. The Gaharwar era in India was brief, but its impact has lasted through the era of renaissance in India.
Bundela.
All the other Gaharwārs trace their lineage to Benāres or Bijaipur. Another group of warriors that migrated southward from Kannauj came to occupy territory immediately west of Daiya, Manda, and Vijaypur. This line came to be known as Bundela and gave its name to the Bundelkhand that comprises parts of both current Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.
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The Gahadavala dynasty was a Hindu dynasty that ruled over parts of northern India from the 11th to the 13th centuries. The dynasty was founded by Chandradeva, who came to power in 1089 CE. The Gahadavalas were a powerful dynasty, and they ruled over a large territory that included parts of present-day Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh.
The Gahadavalas were patrons of art and architecture, and they built many temples and palaces. The most famous Gahadavala ruler was Govindachandra, who ruled from 1114 to 1154 CE. Govindachandra was a great warrior, and he expanded the Gahadavala kingdom. He was also a patron of the arts, and he built many temples and palaces.
The Gahadavala dynasty declined in the 13th century, and they were eventually overthrown by the Delhi Sultanate. However, the Gahadavalas left a lasting legacy on Indian history, and their contributions to art, architecture, and literature are still celebrated today.
The Gahadavala rulers were all Hindu, and they followed the Shaiva sect of Hinduism-2/”>Hinduism. The Gahadavalas were patrons of many Hindu temples, and they built many new temples during their reign. The most famous Gahadavala temple is the Visvanatha Temple in Varanasi, which is one of the most important Hindu temples in India.
The Gahadavalas were also patrons of literature. The most famous Gahadavala poet was Jayadeva, who wrote the Gita Govinda, a love poem about Krishna and Radha. The Gita Govinda is one of the most important works of Sanskrit literature, and it has been translated into many languages.
The Gahadavalas were also patrons of Education. They built many schools and universities, and they encouraged the study of Sanskrit, Hindu law, and philosophy. The Gahadavalas were a tolerant dynasty, and they allowed people of all religions to live and worship freely in their kingdom.
The Gahadavalas were a powerful military force, and they were able to expand their kingdom through conquest. The Gahadavala army was well-trained and well-equipped, and they were able to defeat their enemies in battle. The Gahadavalas were also skilled in the use of elephants in battle.
The Gahadavalas had good relations with other dynasties, and they were able to maintain peace and stability in their kingdom. The Gahadavalas were also able to trade with other kingdoms, and they were able to import goods from other parts of India and the world.
The Gahadavala dynasty declined in the 13th century, and they were eventually overthrown by the Delhi Sultanate. The Gahadavalas were unable to withstand the power of the Delhi Sultanate, and they were forced to surrender their kingdom. The Gahadavala dynasty came to an end in 1290 CE.
The Gahadavalas left a lasting legacy on Indian history. They were a powerful dynasty that ruled over a large territory for over two centuries. The Gahadavalas were patrons of art, architecture, literature, and education. They were also a tolerant dynasty that allowed people of all religions to live and worship freely in their kingdom. The Gahadavalas were a significant force in Indian history, and their contributions are still celebrated today.
Here are some frequently asked questions and short answers about the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam:
What is the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam?
The Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam is a competitive exam conducted by the Uttar Pradesh Public Service Commission (UPPSC) to recruit candidates for various posts in the State Government.What are the eligibility criteria for the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam?
The eligibility criteria for the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam vary depending on the post being applied for. However, some general eligibility criteria include being a citizen of India, being at least 21 years of age at the time of applying, and having a bachelor’s degree from a recognized university.What are the subjects that are covered in the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam?
The subjects that are covered in the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam vary depending on the post being applied for. However, some common subjects include general knowledge, English, Hindi, mathematics, and reasoning.How is the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam conducted?
The Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam is conducted in two stages: a preliminary exam and a mains exam. The preliminary exam is a objective-type exam, while the mains exam is a descriptive-type exam.What are the marks allotted for each subject in the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam?
The marks allotted for each subject in the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam vary depending on the post being applied for. However, some common marks are 100 marks for general knowledge, 100 marks for English, 100 marks for Hindi, 100 marks for mathematics, and 100 marks for reasoning.What is the cut-off for the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam?
The cut-off for the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam varies depending on the number of vacancies and the performance of the candidates. However, some common cut-offs are 60% for general category candidates, 55% for OBC category candidates, and 50% for SC/ST category candidates.What are the benefits of clearing the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam?
The benefits of clearing the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam include a good salary, job security, and a chance to serve the state government.How can I prepare for the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam?
There are many ways to prepare for the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam. Some common ways include taking coaching classes, solving previous year’s papers, and practicing mock tests.Where can I get more information about the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam?
More information about the Uttar Pradesh Upper Subordinate Exam can be obtained from the official website of the Uttar Pradesh Public Service Commission (UPPSC).
1. The following is not a topic for the Uttar Pradesh upper sub-ordinate exam:
(A) The gahadavala
(B) History of Uttar Pradesh
(C) Geography of Uttar Pradesh
(D) economy of Uttar Pradesh
2. The capital of Uttar Pradesh is:
(A) Lucknow
(B) Agra
(C) Kanpur
(D) Varanasi
3. The Official Language of Uttar Pradesh is:
(A) Hindi
(B) Urdu
(C) English
(D) Punjabi
4. The Population-of-uttar-pradesh/”>Population of Uttar Pradesh is approximately:
(A) 200 million
(B) 220 million
(C) 240 million
(D) 260 million
5. The Literacy rate of Uttar Pradesh is approximately:
(A) 60%
(B) 70%
(C) 80%
(D) 90%
6. The main crops grown in Uttar Pradesh are:
(A) Wheat
(B) Rice
(C) Sugarcane
(D) All of the above
7. The main industries in Uttar Pradesh are:
(A) Textiles
(B) Sugar
(C) Engineering
(D) All of the above
8. The main tourist attractions in Uttar Pradesh are:
(A) Taj Mahal
(B) Agra Fort
(C) Fatehpur Sikri
(D) All of the above
9. The main rivers in Uttar Pradesh are:
(A) Ganges
(B) Yamuna
(C) Chambal
(D) All of the above
10. The main festivals in Uttar Pradesh are:
(A) Holi
(B) Diwali
(C) Dussehra
(D) All of the above