Origins
According to the Rajput bards, Chauhan is one of the four Agnikula or ‘fire sprung’ clans who were created by the Gods in the anali kund or ‘fountain of fire’ on Mount Abu to fight against the Asuras or demons. Chauhan is also one of the 36 ruling races of the Rajputs.
Agnikula origin was perpetuated by Raso from the 16th century onwards. Chauhan gotracharya: Samved, Somvansh, Madhyandini Shakha, Gotracharya is used for marriage relationship and has not changed from time immemorial. Chauhans are termed as Agnivanshi khstriyas.
History
According to the Rajput bards the Chauhan is one of the four Agnikula or ‘fire sprung’ tribes who were created by the gods in the Agni kund or ‘fountain of fire’on Mount Abu to fight against the Asuras or demons. There was an Asur Named Dhunda at Mount Abu. All Rajputs of the world were unable to kill him. Then Guru Vashistha make a Yagya at Mount Abu. In the agni of that Yagya 4 Rajputs took Birth Ist was solanki, 2nd was Parmar ,3rd was parihar but those 3 were also unable to kill asur Dhundha. Then 4th birth from that Kund Was Anhil, his name was Anhil, Guru Vashishtha take the 4 Swear from Anhil those were Satya, Dharm,Karm & Daya, those were 4 Aans for Anhil So he named as The follower of charaans ie. Chauhan.The Anhil killed that Asur Dhundha & free the Earth from Asurs. Chauhan is also one of the 36 ruling races of the Rajputs. Chauhans were mainly used as foot soldiers in many battles due to their huge Population.
The Chauhan dynasty flourished from the 8th to 12th centuries AD. It was one of the four main Rajput dynasties of that era, the others being Pratiharas, Paramaras and Chalukyas. Chauhan dynasties established themselves in several places in North India and in the state ofGujarat in Western India. They were also prominent at Sirohi in the southwest of Rajputana, and at Bundi and Kota in the east. Inscriptions also associate them with Sambhar, the salt lake area in the Amber (later Jaipur) district (the Sakhambari branch remained near lake Sambhar and married into the ruling Gurjara-Pratihara, who then ruled an empire in Northern India). Chauhans adopted a political policy that saw them indulge largely in campaigns against the Chalukyas and the invading Muslim hordes. In the 11th century they founded the city of Ajayameru (Ajmer) in the southern part of their kingdom, and in the 12th century captured Dhilika (the ancient name of Delhi) from the Tomaras and annexed some of their territory along the Yamuna River. Prithviraj III has become famous in folk tales and historical literature as the Chauhan king of Delhi who resisted the Muslim attack in the First Battle of Tarain (1191). Armies from other Rajput kingdoms, including Mewar assisted him. However, Prithviraj was defeated in the Second Battle of Tarain the following year. This failure ushered in Muslim rule in North India in the form of the Slave Dynasty, the first of the Delhi Sultanates.
Ajmer,erected its castle of Taragarh. The name of Ajaipal is one of the most conspicuous that tradition has preserved, and is always followed by the epithet of Chakravartin, or universal potentate. His era must ever remain doubtful, unless, as already observed, we should master the characters said to belong to this race, and which are still extant, both on stone and on copper. Prithi Pahar was brought from Mahishmati to Ajmer. By a single wife he had twenty-four sons, whose progeny peopled these regions, one of whose descendants, Manika Rae, was lord of Ajmer and Sambhar, in the year S. 741, or A.D. 685. Prithiraj, the descen-dant of Manika Rae, even when emperor of all Northern India. Manika Rae, whom we may consider as the founder of The Chauhans of the north, recovered Ajmer. He had a numerous progeny, who established many petty dynasties throughout Western Rajwara, giving birth to various tribes, which are spread even to the Indus. The Khichi, the Hara, the Mohil, the Nirwana, Bhadauria, the Bhaurecha ,the Dhanetiya, and the Baghrecha, are all descended from him.
The Chauhans later asserted their independence from the Pratiharas, and in the early eleventh century, the Sakhambari king Ajaya-Raja founded the city of Ajayameru (Ajmer) in the southern part of their kingdom, and in the mid twelfth century, his successor Vigraharaja enlarged the state, captured Dhilika (the ancient name of Delhi) from the Tomaras and annexed some of their territory along the Yamuna River, including Haryana and Delhi. In 12th century the Chauhans dominated Delhi, Ajmer and Ranthambhor. They were also prominent at Godwar in the southwest of Rajputana, and at Hadoti (Bundi and Kota) in the east. Chauhans adopted a political policy that saw them indulge largely in campaigns against the Chalukyas and the invading Muslim hordes.
The Chauhan kingdom became the leading state and a powerful kingdom in Northern India under King Prithviraj III (1165-1192), also known as Prithvi Raj Chauhan or Rai Pithora. Prithviraj III has become famous in folk tales and historical literature as the Chauhan king of Delhi who resisted and repelled the invasion by Mohammed of Ghor at the first Battle of Tarain in 1191. Armies from other Rajput kingdoms, including Mewar, assisted him. The Chauhan kingdom collapsed after Prithviraj faced defeat in the war against Mohammed of Ghor in 1192 at the Second Battle of Tarain.
After Prithviraj III
Prithviraj’s defeat and capture at Tarain ushered in Muslim rule in North India by the Delhi Sultanate. The Chauhans of Ajmer remained in exile due to Muhammad of Ghor and his successors, the Sultans of Delhi, and thus swelled the ranks of the armed forces of the Maharana of Mewar, until 1365, when Ajmer was captured by the Sisodias rulers of Mewar, and Ajmer was then returned to the Chauhans.
A branch of the Chauhans, led by Govinda, the grandson of Pritviraj III, established themselves as rulers of Ranthambore from the thirteenth to the fifteenth centuries, until Ranthambore was captured by Rana Kumbha of Mewar. The Hadas, great dynasty of the Chauhans, moved into the Hadoti region in the twelfth century, capturing Bundi in 1241 and ruled there until the twentieth century. One sect of these Hada Rajputswon Kota The Dhanetiyas of Shahabad, which by a singular fatality has at length come into the possession of the Hadas of Kota and ruled their till the merger of state in independent India.
Chauhans of the Deora branch established the state of Sirohi in southern Rajasthan, and ruled there from the fifteenth century until Indian Independence. In western India, Chauhans are found at Devgadh Baria, founded by Dungarsinhji, a member of the Khichi Chauhan clan about 700 years ago. Rajkumar (Bhadaiyan State of Awadh) and Bachgoti (Diyara State of Awadh) are two other branches of Chauhans in Uttar Pradesh. Chauhan’s are also found in Khurja Dasheri and Arnia.
Religion
In India, Chauhans are predominantly Hindu.
Some Chauhan Rajputs of the Doab region of Punjab also adopted Sikhism and are called Sikh Rajputs, not to be confused with Jat Chohans of the Punjab (who happen to write the transliteration of their name in English differently).
85 villages of chauhan’s lies in western uttarpradesh, in the district of Bulandshahr, Aligarh, Agra Etc. Village Davkoura lies in Bulandshahr have 75% population of Chauhan’s.
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The Chauhans were a Rajput clan that ruled over large parts of northern India from the 10th to the 13th centuries. They were originally from the area around Ajmer in Rajasthan, but they later expanded their territory to include much of present-day Haryana, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh.
The Chauhans were a powerful and influential clan, and they played a major role in the history of Medieval India. They were known for their military prowess, and they produced several great warriors, including Prithviraj Chauhan, who is considered to be one of the greatest Rajput kings.
The Chauhans were also patrons of art and culture, and they built many temples and palaces. Their rule came to an end in the 13th century, when they were defeated by the Delhi Sultanate. However, their legacy continues to this day, and they are still remembered as one of the most important Rajput clans.
Origin of Chauhans
The Chauhans are believed to have originated in the area around Ajmer in Rajasthan. They are said to be descended from the sun god, Surya, and their original name was Suryavanshi. The Chauhans first came to prominence in the 10th century, when they established a kingdom in Ajmer.
Early history of Chauhans
The early history of the Chauhans is not well-documented. However, it is known that they were a powerful clan, and they played a major role in the politics of northern India. The Chauhans were often at war with other Rajput clans, and they also fought against the Muslim invaders from the north.
Rise of Prithviraj Chauhan
The most famous Chauhan ruler was Prithviraj Chauhan. He was born in 1167 CE, and he became the king of Ajmer in 1178 CE. Prithviraj Chauhan was a great warrior, and he led his armies to victory in many battles. He is best known for his defeat of the Ghurid ruler Muhammad Ghori at the Battle of Tarain in 1191 CE.
Reign of Prithviraj Chauhan
Prithviraj Chauhan’s reign was a time of great prosperity for the Chauhans. He built many temples and palaces, and he also patronized the arts. However, his reign was also marked by conflict. In 1192 CE, Muhammad Ghori returned to India with a larger army. This time, Prithviraj Chauhan was defeated at the Battle of Tarain, and he was captured and killed.
Battle of Tarain
The Battle of Tarain was fought between the Chauhans and the Ghurids in 1191 CE. The battle was a decisive victory for the Chauhans, and it led to the decline of the Ghurid Empire. The battle is also significant because it was the first time that a Muslim army had been defeated by an Indian army.
Fall of Chauhans
After the Battle of Tarain, the Chauhans were no longer a major power. They were eventually defeated by the Delhi Sultanate in the 13th century. However, their legacy continues to this day, and they are still remembered as one of the most important Rajput clans.
Legacy of Chauhans
The Chauhans were a powerful and influential clan, and they played a major role in the history of medieval India. They were known for their military prowess, and they produced several great warriors, including Prithviraj Chauhan, who is considered to be one of the greatest Rajput kings.
The Chauhans were also patrons of art and culture, and they built many temples and palaces. Their rule came to an end in the 13th century, when they were defeated by the Delhi Sultanate. However, their legacy continues to this day, and they are still remembered as one of the most important Rajput clans.
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- The Chauhans were a Rajput clan that ruled over large parts of northern India from the 10th to the 12th centuries. They were one of the most powerful dynasties of their time, and their rulers were known for their military prowess and their patronage of the arts.
- The Chauhans originated in the Mewar region of Rajasthan, and their first major ruler was Prithviraj Chauhan. Prithviraj was a great warrior, and he defeated the Ghaznavid Turks in several battles. He was eventually killed by Muhammad Ghori in 1192, but his death marked the beginning of the end of the Chauhans’ power.
- The Chauhans were succeeded by the Tomaras and the Gahlots, but they left a lasting legacy on Indian history. Their rule saw the construction of many important temples and monuments, and they also played a significant role in the development of the Hindi language.
Here are some MCQs on the Chauhans:
Which of the following was not a major ruler of the Chauhans?
(A) Prithviraj Chauhan
(B) Ajaypal Chauhan
(C) Ranjit Chauhan
(D) Hammira ChauhanThe Chauhans were originally from which region of India?
(A) Mewar
(B) Gujarat
(C) Malwa
(D) AwadhThe Chauhans were defeated by which dynasty?
(A) The Ghaznavids
(B) The Tomaras
(C) The Gahlots
(D) The MughalsThe Chauhans are best known for their:
(A) Military prowess
(B) Patronage of the arts
(C) Construction of temples and monuments
(D) All of the aboveThe Chauhans left a lasting legacy on Indian history in the form of:
(A) Their rule
(B) Their temples and monuments
(C) The Hindi language
(D) All of the above