Notes and Study material for Exams
Scientific Water Harvesting What is Water Harvesting It means capturing rain where it falls or capturing the run off in your own village or town. And taking measures to keep that water clean by not allowing polluting activities to take place in the catchment. Therefore, water harvesting can be undertaken through a variety of ways … Read more
Watershed Management: A Holistic Approach to Sustainable Water Resources The world’s water resources are facing unprecedented pressure from population growth, urbanization, climate change, and unsustainable land use practices. This has led to a growing awareness of the importance of watershed management, a holistic approach to managing water resources within a specific geographic area. This article … Read more
Major Irrigation Projects of India and Command Area Development Command area development programme The Centrally sponsored Command Area Development (CAD) Programme was launched in 1974-75 with the main objectives of improving the utilization of created irrigation potential and optimizing agriculture production and productivity from irrigated agriculture through a multi-disciplinary team under an Area Development Authority. … Read more
Rill Erosion: A Silent Threat to Soil Health and Water Quality Rill erosion, a pervasive form of soil degradation, poses a significant threat to agricultural productivity, water quality, and overall ecosystem health. This article delves into the intricacies of rill erosion, exploring its causes, impacts, and effective management strategies. Understanding Rill Erosion: A Closer Look … Read more
Rainfall: With an Average annual rainfall of 1,170 mm, India is one of the wettest countries in the world. At one extreme are areas like Cherrapunji, in the northeast, which is drenched each year with 11,000 mm of rainfall, and at the other extreme are places like Jaisalmer, in the west, which receives barely … Read more
Centripetal Drainage: A Convergence of Flow The Earth’s surface is a tapestry of intricate patterns, sculpted by the relentless forces of nature. Among these patterns, drainage networks stand out as a testament to the power of water, shaping landscapes and influencing ecosystems. One such pattern, the centripetal drainage pattern, presents a captivating spectacle of converging … Read more
The Rectangular Drainage Pattern: A Window into Earth’s Structural Fabric The Earth’s surface is a tapestry of intricate patterns, each revealing a story of geological processes and environmental forces. Among these patterns, drainage networks stand out as particularly informative, offering insights into the underlying bedrock structure, tectonic activity, and even the history of erosion. One … Read more
Soil conservation planning on watershed basis Watershed development activity was taken up in the country prior to independence in the state of Maharashtra (then Bombay state) as a scarcity relief work during drought years in which contour binding programme for conservation of moisture and control of soil erosion was mostly undertaken, After independence, … Read more
National Watershed Development Programme National Watershed Development Programme for Rain fed Areas (NWDPRA) is a programme subsumed under Macro Management of agriculture (MMA) Scheme of Department of Agriculture & Cooperation which has been amended for the XI Five Year Plan. The guidelines of the revised MMA are also applicable from the financial year 2008-09. The … Read more
Water Resources Management Water Resources in India India accounts for about 2.45 per cent of world’s surface area, 4 per cent of the world’s water resources and about 16 per cent of world’s Population. The total water available from Precipitation in the country in a year is about 4,000 cubic km. The availability from surface … Read more