Notes and Study material for Exams
Anaerobic digestion is a process that converts organic waste into biogas and digestate. Biogas is a renewable energy source that can be used to generate electricity, heat, or fuel vehicles. Digestate is a nutrient-rich soil amendment that can be used to improve crop yields. Anaerobic digestion is a natural process that occurs in the absence … Read more
Difference between normal and anthropogenic acidified lakes Acidification of lakes is a serious environmental problem that can have a devastating impact on aquatic ecosystems. There are two main types of lake acidification: natural and anthropogenic. Natural acidification occurs when rainwater reacts with minerals in the soil and rocks, releasing acids into the water. This process … Read more
What is acid rain? Acid rain is a form of precipitation that is highly acidic, meaning that it has a low pH. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Anything below 7 is considered acidic, and anything above 7 is considered alkaline. The pH of normal rain is about 5.6, … Read more
Bioaugmentation is the process of introducing beneficial microorganisms into an environment to improve the overall health of the ecosystem. These microorganisms can help to break down pollutants, improve soil fertility, and control pests and diseases. Bioaugmentation has been used successfully in a variety of applications, including wastewater treatment, soil remediation, and agriculture. In wastewater treatment, … Read more
Understanding Floods: Causes, Impacts, and Management Floods, the inundation of land by water, are a natural phenomenon that has shaped the Earth’s landscape and influenced human history. While often perceived as destructive forces, floods also play a vital role in maintaining ecosystems and replenishing water resources. However, the increasing frequency and intensity of floods in … Read more
AMRUT: Transforming India’s Urban Landscape The urban landscape of India is undergoing a rapid transformation, driven by a burgeoning population and economic growth. This rapid urbanization brings with it a multitude of challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, poor sanitation, and a lack of access to basic amenities. To address these challenges and create sustainable and livable … Read more
Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana (DAY-NULM): Empowering India’s Urban Poor The urban landscape of India is a tapestry woven with threads of prosperity and poverty. While towering skyscrapers and bustling commercial hubs symbolize progress, the shadows of deprivation linger in the form of slums and informal settlements. Recognizing the urgent need to address the plight of urban … Read more
Ganga Prahari: Grassroots Guardians of the Ganga The Ganga, revered as a sacred river by millions, faces a multitude of challenges. Pollution, deforestation, and unsustainable agricultural practices threaten its ecological integrity and the livelihoods of those who depend on it. In the face of these threats, a vibrant network of grassroots organizations and individuals has … Read more
Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Project (DRIP): Safeguarding India’s Aging Dams India’s vast network of dams, crucial for irrigation, hydropower generation, and flood control, is facing a critical challenge: aging infrastructure. As these structures age, their structural integrity deteriorates, posing significant risks to public safety, water security, and economic stability. Recognizing this pressing issue, the Government … Read more
Nirmal Ganga Sahbhagita: Mobilizing Urban Local Bodies for River Rejuvenation The Ganga, revered as a sacred river in India, has been grappling with severe pollution for decades. Recognizing the urgency of the situation, the Indian government launched the ambitious “Namami Gange” program in 2014, aiming to revitalize the river and restore its ecological health. A … Read more