Notes and Study material for Exams
PERFORMANCE AUDIT Meaning An independent examination of the efficiency and effectiveness of government undertakings, programs or organisations, with due regard to economy, and the aim of leading to improvements”. Performance audit is simply an audit of Sound financial management, namely of the economy, efficiency and effectiveness with which audited … Read more
International and Regional Organisations International Organizations An international organization is an organization with an international membership, scope, or presence. There are two main types: International nongovernmental organizations (INGOs): non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that operate internationally. These include international non-profit organizations and worldwide companies such as the World Organization of the Scout Movement, International Committee of the Red Cross. Intergovernmental organizations, also known as international governmental … Read more
Utilization of public fund Intergovernmental transfers from the centre to the states takes place through three channels: statutory and other transfers mandated by the Finance Commission, formula-based transfers for State Plan Schemes through the Planning Commission, and other discretionary transfers by the Planning Commission/ various central Ministries. The entire tax sharing is a … Read more
Export Potential of Small scale and Cottage industries With the establishment of a large number of modem small-scale industries in the post-independence period, the contribution of the small-scale sector in export earnings has increased by leaps and bounds. What is heartening to observe is that the bulk of the exports of the small-scale … Read more
Cost benefit and Investment analysis of agricultural enterprises Water Resource Development A capital intensive project. To reap the benefit of Irrigation the farmer should not ignore the supporting Services as extension, Marketing, credit and transportation both for handling crop produced and supply of inputs needed. The economic analysis must take full account of … Read more
Agricultural credit Policy Rural indebtedness is an age-old problem in India. In the nineteenth century, commercial Banking was non-existent in rural areas, and farmers were completely in the hands of usurious moneylenders. Starting from the days of British rule, the central government has been striving to expand institutional lending to the rural agricultural … Read more
Public-Private Sector PARTNERSHIP (PPP) Public-private partnerships between a government agency and private-sector company can be used to finance, build and operate projects, such as public transportation networks, parks and convention centers. Financing a project through a public-private partnership can allow a project to be completed sooner or make it a possibility in the first place. … Read more
NATIONAL INCOME The study of National Income is important because of the following reasons: To see the Economic Development of the country. To assess the developmental objectives. To know the contribution of the various sectors to National Income. Internationally some countries are wealthy, some countries are not wealthy and some countries are in-between. Under such … Read more
Dairy and Animal Husbandry with special reference to Rajasthan What is Animal Husbandry Animal Husbandry is a branch of agriculture, which comprises of controlled cultivation, management, up keeping and production of domestic animals (like cattles, horses, sheeps etc.) which includes improvement in the qualities considered desirable by humans by means of breeding, genetics, behavior and … Read more
Quality of service delivery After over a decade of rapid economic Growth in India, the biggest challenge facing policymakers at both central and state levels is to ensure ‘inclusive’ growth so that the gains from increased NATIONAL INCOME are shared by all sections of Society. In particular, it is imperative that a high quality of … Read more