International Booster- Azerbaijan Armenia conflict

Azerbaijan Armenia conflict The Caucasus is a strategically important mountainous region in south-east Europe. For centuries, different powers in the region – both Christian and Muslim – have vied for control there.  Modern-day Armenia and Azerbaijan became part of the Soviet Union when it formed in the 1920s. Nagorno-Karabakh was an ethnic-majority Armenian region, but … Read more

Major Armed Uprising

Wahabi Shah Abdul Aziz & Saiyed Ahmad Raebarelvi. Objective was to reform the Muslim Movement Society& convert ‘Dur-ul-Harb’ (Non-Islamic community) into ‘Dar-ul-Islam’.   Origianlly the movement was started in Arabia by Muhammad Ibn-Aba-e-Wahid.   Its main centre was Patna, Sittana (NW province). Kuka Bhai Ram Singh (Disciple of Bhai Balak Singh). It is also called … Read more

Sedition Law in India

The Sedition Law in India: A Legacy of Colonial Control and a Threat to Free Speech The Sedition Law in India, codified under Section 124A of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), has been a subject of intense debate and controversy for decades. Originally enacted by the British colonial government in 1860, the law has been … Read more

Ethics in international relations

Ethics in international relations What role do moral principles play in the conduct of foreign relations? First, morality helps define the goals and purposes of states and other actors. Moral norms do not provide policy directives, but they can offer a general vision and broad direction and provide the moral norms by which to illuminate … Read more

Post Emergency Issues

The Long Shadow of Emergency: Post-Emergency Issues in India The Indian Emergency (1975-1977) was a period of authoritarian rule under Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, marked by the suspension of civil liberties, mass arrests, and widespread censorship. While the Emergency officially ended in 1977, its impact on Indian society and politics continues to resonate, shaping the … Read more

Magadh With Special Emphasis On Uttar Pradesh

–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> Magadh with reference to Uttar Pradesh All the states were perpetually at war with each other. Kaushal annexed Kashi  and Avanti grabbed Vats. Later on Kausha and Vats in turn were subjugated one by one by Magadh, which became most powerful in the entire region. Magadh … Read more

Preventive Detention

Preventive Detention: A Balancing Act Between Security and Liberty Preventive detention, the practice of detaining individuals without trial based on the belief that they pose a future threat, is a controversial legal concept that raises fundamental questions about the balance between security and liberty. While proponents argue that it is a necessary tool to prevent … Read more