Notes and Study material for Exams
Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country Consolidation and Reorganization Consolidation and reorganization are two important concepts in business. Consolidation is the process of combining two or more companies into a single entity, while reorganization is the process of restructuring a company’s operations. Both consolidation and reorganization can be used to improve a company’s financial … Read more
The Laffer Curve: A Controversial Tool for Tax Policy The Laffer Curve, a simple yet powerful economic concept, has sparked heated debates and influenced tax policies worldwide. It posits a relationship between tax rates and government revenue, suggesting that increasing tax rates beyond a certain point can actually lead to a decrease in revenue. This … Read more
Capital Market Reforms: Catalysts for Economic Growth and Financial Inclusion The capital market, a vibrant ecosystem of financial instruments and institutions, plays a pivotal role in facilitating economic growth and development. It acts as a conduit for channeling savings into productive investments, fostering innovation, and promoting financial inclusion. However, the effectiveness of capital markets hinges … Read more
Proportional Taxation: A Fair and Equitable System? Proportional taxation, also known as a flat tax, is a system where everyone pays the same percentage of their income in taxes, regardless of their income level. This stands in contrast to progressive taxation, where higher earners pay a larger percentage of their income in taxes, and regressive … Read more
All India Services The Design of the Civil Service at Independence While designing a successor civil service, the Indian political leaders chose to retain Elements of the British structure of a unified administrative system such as an open-entry system based on academic achievements, elaborate training arrangements, permanency of tenure, important posts at Union, … Read more
Understanding the Primary Deficit: A Deep Dive into Government Finances The term “primary deficit” might sound like a complex economic jargon, but it’s a crucial concept for understanding a nation’s financial health. It’s a measure of a government’s spending and revenue, excluding interest payments on its existing debt. This article delves into the intricacies of … Read more
Sher Shah’s Work Sher Shah was one of the most distinguished rulers of north India who had done a number of developmental works (along with well-planned administrative works). His works can be studied under the following heads: Administrative Works Sher Shah re-established law and order across the length and breadth … Read more
The Indian constitution originally provided 7 categories of Fundamental Rights. But one fundamental right, that to property was removed from the list of fundamental rights by 44th amendment. Right to Property now is an ordinary legal right. Thus there are now 6 categories of fundamental rights. These are: (1) Right to Equality (Arts. 14-18). In … Read more
Philosophes such as Voltaire considered England’s government the most progressive in Europe. England’s ruler was no despot, not even an enlightened one. His power had been limited by law. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 had given England a