Notes and Study material for Exams
The State Legislature: A Vital Pillar of American Democracy The United States boasts a complex and multifaceted system of government, with power distributed across federal, state, and local levels. At the heart of each state’s governance lies the state legislature, a body of elected representatives responsible for crafting and enacting laws that directly impact the … Read more
Education has been accepted as one major agency of socialization, and teachers and educational institutions as socializing agents. In describing education as an instrument of Social Change, three things are important: the agents of change, the content of change, and the social background of those who are sought to be changed, i.e. students. Educational institutions … Read more
Issues related to Disabled People Education People with disabilities have had to battle against centuries of biased assumptions, harmful stereotypes, and irrational fears. The stigmatization of disability resulted in the social and economic marginalization of generations with disabilities, and thus has left people with disabilities in a severe state of impoverishment for centuries. With an … Read more
Tribal Welfare Administration, Tribal sub plan and Single line administration in Himachal Pradesh The tribal areas of Himachal Pradesh though sparsely populated continue to receive special attention of the State Government primarily on account of their strategic location and comparative backwardness. The Tribal Sub Plan was started in 1974-75 in the State and entire tribal … Read more
WTO agreement on agriculture The Agreement on Agriculture is one of the key agreements within the WTO system. Its importance is reflected by its presence as the first Agreement annexed to the Marrakesh Agreement establishing the WTO. Market access Market access simply means the right which exporters have to access a foreign market. The WTO … Read more
INFRASTRUCTURE that would be autonomous and self-regulated developed in PARTNERSHIP with the private sector. Each National Investment and Manufacturing Zonesto have 5,000 hectares. Land will be selected by State Governments. Preference would be given to uncultivable land. Both state and central Government would fund trunk infrastructure. The policy embodies an easy exit policy and single … Read more
Article 35A: A Controversial Clause in the Indian Constitution Article 35A of the Indian Constitution is a controversial provision that grants special status to the state of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K). It was added to the Constitution through a Presidential Order in 1954, without any parliamentary debate or discussion. This article has been a subject … Read more
Tax base, Pros and Cons of Special Category status in Himachal Pradesh Taxation The Department of Excise and Taxation is a major revenue earning department of the Government of Himachal Pradesh. During the year 2016-17 revenue collected under VAT was `4,381.91 crore, which is 71 per cent of total revenue collected i.e. `6,171.00 crore. During … Read more
The Rise of Bad Banks: A Global Response to Financial Crises The term “bad bank” evokes images of financial turmoil and systemic risk. It refers to a financial institution created specifically to absorb the non-performing assets (NPAs) of a troubled bank, effectively separating the “bad” assets from the “good” ones. While the concept may seem … Read more
The Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities in India holds a vital role within the framework of the Indian Constitution, specifically designed to protect and promote the rights of linguistic minorities. This constitutional post was created under Article 350B, which mandates the appointment of a Special Officer by the President of India. The primary role of … Read more