Notes and Study material for Exams
The Contours of Secularism: A Comparative Study of Western and Indian Models Secularism, a concept that has profoundly shaped modern political and social landscapes, embodies the separation of religious and political spheres. However, its implementation and interpretation vary significantly across different cultures and historical contexts. This article delves into the distinct characteristics of Western secularism … Read more
Constitution Constitution is the fundamental law of a country which ordains the fundamental principles on which the government (or the governance) of that country is based. It lays down the framework and principal functions of various organs of the government as well as the modalities of interaction between the government and its citizens. With the … Read more
Determinants and Nature of Indian Politics In a multilingual,multi cultural democratic set up like India,voting behaviour is dictated by a plethora of complex issues.From time and again it has been proved that Political Parties in India can not rely upon any particular factor to win the trust and confidence of the voters.Such is the complex … Read more
Inter Religious Unity and Communalism in British India This country was under the colonial rule of the British and after a long struggle gained freedom in 1947. In 1949, the constituent assembly enacted the new constitution which came into effect in 1950. Thus, the contemporary history of this country can be divided into two stages … Read more
Secularism in India: A Complex and Contested Terrain Secularism, a concept that champions the separation of religion from state power and promotes equal rights for all citizens regardless of their faith, has been a cornerstone of India’s identity since its independence in 1947. However, the Indian model of secularism, often described as “positive secularism,” has … Read more
Amendments Amendments to the Constitution are made by the Parliament, the procedure for which is laid out in ARTICLE 368. An amendment bill must be passed by both the Houses of the Parliament by a two-thirds majority and voting. In addition to this, certain amendments which pertain to the federal nature of the Constitution must … Read more
The Basic Structure Doctrine is an Indian judicial principle that the Constitution of India has certain basic features that cannot be altered or destroyed through amendments by the parliament. Key among these “basic features”, are the Fundamental Rights granted to individuals by the constitution. The doctrine thus forms the basis of a limited power of the Indian … Read more
Making of The Constitution 1934: Idea of constituent assembly put forward by M N Roy 1935: INC officially demands constituent assembly 1938: JL Nehru’s declaration on the constitution of India 1940: Nehru’s demand accepted in the form of August Offer August Offer PM: Winston Churchill While rejecting INCs demand for independence of India after the … Read more