Notes and Study material for Exams
The Clash of Empires: British vs. Marathas The 18th century witnessed a dramatic shift in the political landscape of India, with the rise of the Maratha Empire and the growing influence of the British East India Company. This period saw a clash of empires, each vying for dominance and control over the subcontinent. The British, … Read more
The Spectrum of Power: Exploring Democratic and Non-Democratic Political Systems The concept of political systems is fundamental to understanding how societies are governed and how power is distributed. While the ideal of democracy holds a prominent place in global discourse, the reality is far more nuanced. Political systems exist on a spectrum, ranging from fully … Read more
Why did national movement arise? Indian nationalism rose to meet the challenges of foreign domination The British rule and its direct and indirect consequences provided the material and the moral and intellectual conditions for the development of a national movement in India. Clash of interest between the interests of the Indian people with British interests … Read more
The Arab Invasion of India The first incursion by the new Muslim successor states of the Persian Empire occurred around 664 CE during the Umayyad Caliphate, led by Mohalib towards Multan in Southern Punjab, in modern day Pakistan. Mohalib’s expeditions were not aimed at conquest, though they penetrated only as far as the capital of … Read more
Lohit Ayas Copper Syam Ayas Iron Vanik Traders Gramini Village Head Bhagadugha Tax collector Sthapati Chief Judge Takshan Carpenter Niska Unit of currency Satamana Unit of currency Pana Term used for coin Shresthi Guilds Vihara Buddhist Monastery Chaitya Sacred Enclosure Pradeshika Head of District Administration Nagarka City administration Jesthaka Chief of a Guild Prathamakulika Chief … Read more
The Separation of Powers: A Cornerstone of Modern Governance The concept of the separation of powers, a fundamental principle of modern governance, is a cornerstone of democratic societies. It advocates for the division of governmental authority among distinct branches, each with its own specific functions and responsibilities. This division aims to prevent the concentration of … Read more
Lohit Ayas Copper Syam Ayas Iron Vanik Traders Gramini Village Head Bhagadugha Tax collector Sthapati Chief Judge Takshan Carpenter Niska Unit of currency Satamana Unit of currency Pana Term used for coin Shresthi Guilds Vihara Buddhist Monastery Chaitya Sacred Enclosure Pradeshika Head of District Administration Nagarka City administration Jesthaka Chief of a Guild Prathamakulika Chief … Read more
The Evolution of Elections: From Ancient Roots to Modern Democracies Elections, the cornerstone of representative democracy, have evolved significantly over centuries, reflecting societal changes, technological advancements, and evolving political ideologies. This article delves into the historical roots of elections, explores their various forms and functions, and examines the challenges and opportunities they present in the … Read more
The Division of Powers: A Cornerstone of Constitutional Democracy The division of powers, a fundamental principle of constitutional democracy, serves as a cornerstone for safeguarding individual liberties and ensuring a balanced and effective government. This principle, enshrined in many constitutions around the world, seeks to prevent the concentration of power in any single branch of … Read more
The Rise and Fall of the British Raj: A Journey Through British Expansion in India The British East India Company’s arrival in India in the 17th century marked the beginning of a complex and multifaceted relationship that would shape the destiny of both nations. From humble trading posts to the vast and powerful British Raj, … Read more