Notes and Study material for Exams
An important feature of the constitution is the Directive Principles of State Policy. Although the Directive Principles are asserted to be “fundamental in the governance of the country,” they are not legally enforceable. Instead, they are guidelines for creating a social order characterized by social, economic, and political Justice, Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity as enunciated … Read more
CONSITITONAL PROVISIONS FOR SC & ST Constitutional History In the original Constitution, ARTICLE 338 provided for a special officer (the Commissioner for SCs and STs) responsible for monitoring the implementation of constitutional and legislative safeguards for SCs and STs and reporting to the president. Seventeen regional offices of the Commissioner were established throughout the country. … Read more
The Environment Protection Act is an important legislation that provides for coordination of activities of the various regulatory agencies, creation of authorities with adequate powers for environmental protection, regulation of the discharge of environmental pollutants, handling of hazardous substances, etc. The Act provided an opportunity to extend legal protection to non-forest habitats (‘Ecologically Sensitive Areas’) … Read more
Central Government The executive powers of the President are exercised by the Council of Ministers. The Constitution provides that “there shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head to aid and advise the President in the excercise of his functions”. Here the word “shall” indicates that the President cannot function … Read more
Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY): A Shield of Protection Against Accidental Risks Introduction In a world fraught with uncertainties, the need for financial security against unforeseen events is paramount. Accidents, though unpredictable, can have devastating consequences, leaving individuals and their families grappling with financial burdens at a time of vulnerability. Recognizing this critical need, … Read more
Protecting India’s Rich Tapestry: A Deep Dive into the Biological Diversity Act, 2002 India, a land of unparalleled biodiversity, boasts a vast array of ecosystems, from the snow-capped Himalayas to the lush rainforests of the Western Ghats. This rich tapestry of life, however, faces increasing threats from habitat loss, climate change, and unsustainable exploitation. Recognizing … Read more
A Blueprint for Conservation: Understanding the National Wildlife Action Plan The United States boasts a staggering array of biodiversity, from the towering redwoods of California to the vibrant coral reefs of Florida. However, this natural heritage faces increasing threats from habitat loss, climate change, invasive species, and pollution. To address these challenges and ensure the … Read more
The Environment Protection Act is an important legislation that provides for coordination of activities of the various regulatory agencies, creation of authorities with adequate powers for environmental protection, regulation of the discharge of environmental pollutants, handling of hazardous substances, etc. The Act provided an opportunity to extend legal protection to non-forest habitats (‘Ecologically Sensitive Areas’) … Read more
Provisions of SC/ST Atricities act, The Scheduled Castes and Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted to prevent atrocities against scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. The Act is popularly known as POA, the SC/ST Act, the Prevention of Atrocities Act, or simply the Atrocities Act. ARTICLE 17 … Read more
Protection to Women Women Under Indian Constitution & Criminal Law (Under Indian Constitution Law and Criminal Procedure Code) Violence against women is present in every country, cutting across boundaries of culture, class, Education, income, ethnicity and age. Since time immemorial India is · particularly a male dominated Society and prevalence of illiteracy among women has … Read more