Notes and Study material for Exams
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> (IDA) The (IDA) is an international financial institution which offers concessional loans and grants to the world's poorest developing countries. The IDA is a member of the World Bank Group and is headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States. It was established in 1960 to complement the … Read more
Institutions of developmental finance A Development Financial institution (DFI) is defined as “an institution endorsed or supported by Government of india primarily to provide development/Project finance to one or more sectors or sub-sectors of the economy. the institution differentiates itself by a thoughtful balance between commercial norms of operation, as adopted by any financial institution … Read more
India’s role in BRICS BRICS is an acronym for Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa – five emerging nations that formed an alliance for economic and social development. The commonality between them is that they are all newly industrialised and aiming for maximum trade and development. Together, BRICS accounts for about 40% of the … Read more
VAT is a multi-stage tax levied at each stage of the value addition chain, with a provision to allow input tax credit (ITC) on tax paid at an earlier stage, which can be appropriated against the VAT liability on subsequent sale. VAT is intended to tax every stage of sale where some value is added … Read more
The term Sustainable Growth became prominent after the World Conservation Strategy Presented in 1980 by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Brundland Report(1987) define Sustainable Development as the a process which seek to meet the needs and aspirations of the present generation without compromising the ability of the future generation … Read more
The United Nations Organisation (UNO) is the global international organisation of sovereign independent states. It was established on 24 October 1945. The destruction caused by the Second World War and failure of the League of nations compelled the people to establish an international organisation for keeping the world away from war and in favour of … Read more
International Cooperation and Current Developments In an increasingly interconnected world, international cooperation has emerged as a cornerstone of global peace, security, and development. Amidst challenges such as Climate Change, pandemics, and geopolitical tensions, countries are finding that collaboration, rather than confrontation, offers the best path forward. This article explores the current landscape of international cooperation, … Read more
Advanced Pricing Agreements Here is a list of subtopics without any description for Advanced Pricing Agreements: Advance Pricing Agreements (APAs) Advance Pricing Rulings (APRs) Mutual Agreement Procedure (MAP) Arbitration Transfer Pricing Documentation Transfer Pricing Methods Transfer Pricing Benchmarks Transfer Pricing Risk Assessment Transfer Pricing Audits Transfer Pricing Disputes Transfer Pricing Enforcement Transfer Pricing Legislation Transfer … Read more
WTO and Agricultural subsidies The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an international organization that deals with the rules of trade between nations. It was established in 1995 and has 164 member countries. The WTO’s goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business across borders as efficiently as possible. … Read more
Here is a list of subtopics under Foreign Trade and InvestmentInvestment: Balance of Trade Balance of payments Capital Account Current Account Exchange rate Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Foreign exchange reserves Import International trade Investment Portfolio investment Trade Deficit Trade surplus World Trade Organization (WTO) Foreign trade and investment are two of the most important drivers … Read more