Notes and Study material for Exams
Acid An acid is a substance which forms H+ ions as the only positive ion in aqueous solution. Examples:- Hydrochloric acid dissolved in water forms H+ and Cl– ions HCl —> H+ + Cl– Sulphuric acid dissolved in water forms H+ and SO42- ions H2SO4 —>2H+ + SO42- Nitric acid forms H+ and NO3– ions when dissolved in water HNO3 —> H+ + NO3– … Read more
Properties of matter Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. At a minimum, matter requires at least one subatomic particle, although most matter consists of atoms. The two properties of matter are: • Mass – amount or quantity of matter • Volume – amount of space occupiedphysical properties – inherent characteristics of … Read more
Endothermic Reactions Endothermic reactions are those chemical reactions where energy is absorbed by the system from the surroundings mostly in the form of heat. The concept is applied in the physical sciences like chemical reactions where hear is converted to chemical bond energy by way of experiments. Common examples of endothermic … Read more
The Kushana period witnessed a remarkable development in art, sculpture and architecture. The Gandhara school of art and Sculpture marked a happy blending of the Graceo-Romano-Buddhist style and techniques. The distinguishing features of the Gandhara Sculpture owed their origin to Greek and Roman styles yet the art essentially was Indian in spirit. The Gandhara … Read more
Receding Glaciers: A Stark Symptom of Global Climate Change The world’s glaciers are shrinking at an alarming rate, a stark and visible manifestation of the ongoing global climate crisis. This phenomenon, driven by rising global temperatures, has far-reaching consequences for ecosystems, water resources, and human societies. Understanding the dynamics of glacier retreat is crucial for … Read more