Notes and Study material for Exams
Communism Communism, political and economic doctrine that aims to replace private property and a profit-based economy with public ownership and communal control of at least the major means of production (e.g., mines, mills, and factories) and the natural Resources of a Society. Communism is thus a form of Socialism—a higher and more advanced form, according … Read more
Workers, Peasant and Tribal Movements in Assam The Assam-Bengal Railway Workers’ Strike (1921) Perhaps the first sympathetic strike in our country of a tremendous magnitude took place in 1921 when the workers of Assam Bengal railway resorted to an indefinite strike. The strike is very important from the historical point of view not only … Read more
Peasant, Women, Tribal and Workers Movements Peasant Movement: Peasant movements or agrarian struggles have taken place from pre-colonial days. The movements in the period between 1858 and 1914 tended to remain localised, disjointed and confined to particular grievances. Well-known are the Bengal revolt of 1859-62 against the indigo plantation system and the ‘Deccan riots’ of … Read more
Workers, Peasant and Tribal Movements in Madhya Pradesh Tribal Movement The tribals of India, like other social groups, participated in the anti-colonial movement. The tribal anti-colonial movements were of two types – The movements against their oppressors i.e. landlords, Money-lenders, traders, thekedars (contractors), government officials and Christian missionaries and The movements which were linked to … Read more
Growth of Socialist and Communist Movements in British India Socialists in congress For first few years after the formation of Indian National Congress the Liberals who dominated over country’s political scene and led freedom struggle were Rightists. They had no contacts with the masses. They, believed in British sense of Justice and were … Read more
Workers, Peasant and Tribal Movements in British India Indigo Revolt (1859-60) The Indigo revolt of Bengal was directed against British planters who forced peasants to take advances and sign fraudulent contracts which forced the peasants to grow Indigo under terms which were the least profitable to them. The revolt began in Govindpur village … Read more
Socialist approach and Total Revolution Socialist approach In simple language Socialism can be regarded as a movement against the inequality existing in the present social order. It is a plan for a new social order based on Justice, Equality, free from exploitation of man by man, a co-operative commonwealth of mankind. Though socialists differ among … Read more
Reformers like Raja Rammohan Roy, Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar, Swami Dayanand Saraswati, Jyotiba Phule, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and Pandita Ramabai understood that ignorance and backwardness in the Society was responsible for hindering its progress and development. They studied the religious scriptures and criticized the prevalent religious and social practices. According to them, society should be based … Read more
Nationalist and Revolutionary Literature Nil Darpan is a Bengali play written by Dinabandhu Mitra in 1858–1859. The play was published in Dhaka in 1860, under a pseudonym of the author. The play was essential to Nil Vidroha, better known as the Indigo Revolt of February–March 1859 in Bengal, when farmers refused to sow indigo in … Read more
Revolutionary young men did not try to generate a mass revolution. Instead they followed the strategy of assassinating unpopular officials 1904: VD Savarkar organized Abhinav Bharat Newspapers like The Sandhya and Yugaantar in Bengal and the Kal in Maharashtra advocated revolutionary ideology Kingsford Incident: In 1908, Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki threw bomb at a … Read more