Notes and Study material for Exams
[su_heading]Rajasthani Languages[/su_heading] Evolution of rajasthani languages from Shaurseni Prakrit Saureni Prakrit is then developed into:- Gurjar in western region Shaurseni in eastern region (Apram bhasha) Gurjar- Maru Gurjar or old Rajasthani its common language of Rajasthan and Gujrat 1st work was Bhrateshwar Bahubali Ghor by Vajrasensuri in 1168 ad In 15th century it evolved to … Read more
History of the world will include events from 18th century such as Industrial revolution, World Wars,Redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like Communism,capitalism, Socialism etc.- their forms and effect on the Society. Prehistory Prehistory is the period of time before humans developed writing systems. It is a long and complex period, with many … Read more
Dravidian Literature Dravidian literature is the body of literature written in the Dravidian languages. It is one of the oldest and richest literatures in the world, with a history that spans over 2,000 years. Dravidian literature is known for its diversity, covering a wide range of genres, including poetry, drama, fiction, and non-fiction. It is … Read more
The Sahitya Akademi: A Beacon of Literary Excellence in India The Sahitya Akademi, established in 1954, stands as a testament to India’s rich literary heritage and its commitment to fostering artistic expression. This national academy, dedicated to the promotion and development of Indian literature, has played a pivotal role in shaping the literary landscape of … Read more
Vijayanagara empire and their contribution to art, literature and culture – socio-economic conditions, administration, fall of Vijayanagar empire The Vijayanagara Empire, an important South Indian empire was founded by Harihara Raya I and his brother Bukka Raya I. The capital of the empire was Vijayanagara, present days Hampi in Karnataka. The empire ruled from 1336 … Read more
Puranas Divided into sarga, pratisarga, manvantantar, vamsa (genealogical list of kings) & vamsanucharita. 18 main puranas & 18 subsidiary puranas. Vedas Meaning “knowledge”. Rigveda (hymns), Yajurveda (sacrificial formulae), Atharvaveda (magical charms & spell), Samveda. Vedas are called aparusheya (not created by man) & nity Upanishads About 200 in number. Deal with philosophy. Oldest & … Read more
First World War Background It was a result of growing inter-imperialist rivalries, growing chauvinism, antagonism and conflicts within Europe, formation of alliances and secret pacts, growing militarization, feverish preparations for war, were some of the marked features that harbingered war. There had been a number of crises which were temporarily resolved, but led to deep … Read more
Buddhism. As it stands today, it includes the scriptures, commentaries and semi-canonical texts. It consists of three sections called Pitakas (baskets): the Vinaya (“conduct”), the Sutta (“Sermon”) and the Abhidhamna (“Metaphysics”). The Vinayapitaka contains the Buddha’s pronouncements, spelling out rules for the conduct of the monastic order. With each such rule, the circumstances, which led … Read more
Bhasa: The Enigma of Ancient Indian Theatre Bhasa, a name that echoes through the annals of Sanskrit literature, remains shrouded in mystery. While his works are celebrated for their dramatic brilliance and poetic depth, the playwright himself is a shadowy figure, his life and times a subject of intense scholarly debate. This article delves into … Read more
Valabhi: A Lost City of Ancient India and its Enduring Legacy Valabhi, a once-thriving metropolis in the Saurashtra region of Gujarat, India, stands as a testament to the rich cultural and intellectual heritage of ancient India. While the city itself lies buried beneath the sands of time, its legacy continues to resonate through archaeological discoveries, … Read more