Notes and Study material for Exams
Commercialization of agriculture Commercialization of agriculture means production of agricultural crops for sale in the market, rather than for family consumption. For marketization of agricultural products thus ‘surplus’ of production over consumption is required. But agriculture at that time was merely of the subsistence type. It had not been a consequence of conscious response … Read more
The Chalcolithic Period, also known as the Stone Copper Age, represents a transitional phase in human prehistory characterized by the continued use of stone tools alongside the emergence of copper metallurgy. Spanning from around 3000 BCE to 500 BCE, this epoch witnessed significant advancements in technology, economy, and social organization, laying the groundwork for the … Read more
Here is a list of subtopics without any description for Sustainable Development: Agriculture Biodiversity Climate change Consumption Disaster risk reduction Energy Finance Gender equality Governance Health Human settlements Industry Innovation Institutions Intergovernmental negotiations Knowledge Land degradation Marine resources Millennium Development Goals Poverty Population Private sector Public health Science, technology and innovation Sustainable cities and communities … Read more
DECISION MAKING is an essential part of planning. Decision making and problem solving are used in all management functions, although usually they are considered a part of the planning phase. A discussion of the origins of management science leads into one on modeling, the five-step process of management science, and the process of engineering … Read more
Education has been accepted as one major agency of socialization, and teachers and educational institutions as socializing agents. In describing education as an instrument of Social Change, three things are important: the agents of change, the content of change, and the social background of those who are sought to be changed, i.e. students. Educational institutions … Read more
EQUIP: Elevating Quality and Innovation in India’s Higher Education India’s higher education landscape is undergoing a transformative phase, driven by a burgeoning youth population, a growing demand for skilled professionals, and the government’s ambitious vision for a knowledge-based economy. To navigate this dynamic environment, the Ministry of Education has launched the “EQUIP” (Empowering Quality and … Read more
Mission Karmayogi: Transforming India’s Civil Services Introduction: The Indian civil services, the backbone of the nation’s administrative machinery, have long been lauded for their dedication and efficiency. However, in the face of a rapidly evolving world, the need for a paradigm shift in the training and development of civil servants became increasingly apparent. Recognizing this, … Read more
The thrust of the Scientific Policy Resolution, 1958 was on capacity-building in advancement of science as the foundation for making a strong nation, which had just freed itself from the shackles of colonial domination . The focus of the Technology Policy Statement, 1983 was attainment of technological self-reliance and building of national strength by reducing … Read more
Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure: A Catalyst for Sustainable Food Systems Introduction The global food system faces significant challenges, including food waste, food insecurity, and environmental degradation. A key factor contributing to these issues is the lack of robust and integrated cold chain and value addition infrastructure. This infrastructure plays a crucial role … Read more
Technology with a Human Face Technology and the Human Race The human race has indeed gone far with technology. From the age when he still used wooden and stone tools to a powerful era of silicon and steel, he ceased to be a helpless prey to a number of predators to become a god among … Read more