Notes and Study material for Exams
Biotechnology is defined as the industrial application of living organisms and their biological processes such as biochemistry, Microbiology, and Genetic engineering, in order to make best use of the Microorganisms for the benefit of mankind. Modern biotechnology provides breakthrough products and technologies to combat debilitating and rare diseases, reduce our environmental footprint, feed the hungry, … Read more
defined as ‘an addition or excessive addition of certain materials to the physical Environment (water, air and lands), making it less fit or unfit for life’. Pollutants are the materials or factors, which cause adverse effect on the natural quality of any component of the environment. Classifications According to the form in which they … Read more
Emergence and Background Beginning of geographical discoveries and direct sea routes opened new avenues of Trade and Commerce. It formed the bedrock of Industrial revolution as mismatch between demand and supply led to new innovative ways of enhancing production. Second factor was emergence of capitalist ideology. Profit making became the core of all economic activities … Read more
Patents And Intellectual Property Rights. (TRIPS & TRIMS) Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) are set of rights associated with creations of the human mind. An output of the human mind may be attributed with intellectual property rights. These are like any other property, and the law allows the owner to use the same to economically profit … Read more
The Tragedy of Minamata: A Legacy of Environmental Injustice and the Fight for Recognition The name Minamata evokes a chilling image: a town ravaged by a devastating neurological disease, its victims bearing the scars of industrial negligence and environmental contamination. This story, one of the most infamous cases of environmental poisoning in history, serves as … Read more
The process of industrial transition divided into: industrial Growth during the 19th century and industrial progress during the 20th century Industrial growth during the 19th century Decline of indigenous industries and the rise of large scale modern industries 1850-55: first Cotton mill, first jute mill and the first coal mine established. Railway also introduced. … Read more
Shramev Jayate Yojana: Supporting India’s Workforce and Boosting Industrial Growth Introduction India, with its burgeoning population and a rapidly growing economy, faces the challenge of providing gainful employment opportunities for its vast workforce. The government, recognizing the importance of a skilled and productive workforce, has launched various initiatives aimed at enhancing employment opportunities and fostering … Read more
Sources of Compounds Causing Acid Rain Acid rain is a form of precipitation that is more acidic than normal rain. It is caused by the emission of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere, which react with water vapor to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid. These acids then fall to the ground as … Read more
Man-Made Disasters: Understanding Human-Caused Catastrophes The world is constantly evolving, with advancements in technology and human ingenuity shaping our lives. However, this progress often comes with unintended consequences, leading to catastrophic events that are entirely human-made. These disasters, stemming from negligence, recklessness, or deliberate acts, pose significant threats to human life, infrastructure, and the environment. … Read more
Decline of handicrafts during British period India’s traditional village economy was characterised by the “blending of agriculture and handicrafts”. But this internal balance of the village economy had been systematically slaughtered by the British Government. In the process, traditional handicraft industries slipped away, from its pre-eminence and its decline started at the turn … Read more