Notes and Study material for Exams
Relief and Structure of Himachal Pradesh The area covered by Himachal Pradesh lies in most complicated geological regions of Outer or sub-Himalayan zone, Lower Himalayan zone, Higher Himalayan zone, Tethys Himalayan zone. The highest relative relief (more than 5,100 m) is found in the eastern part of the state, covering the western part of Kinnaur, … Read more
River System of Himachal Pradesh The Himalaya houses a vast reservoir of moisture both in the form of ice, fresh water, and underground water. The rivers draining Himalayas sustain life in the Northern part of Indian sub-continent. There are five main rivers which flow through Himachal Pradesh. Four out of these five rivers found mention … Read more
Pre-history of Bihar There are evidences of Mesolithic human Inhabitation in Bihar. Pre-historic rock paintings have been discovered from the Kaimur, Nawada and Jamui region of Bihar. These paintings depict the lifestyle of people during that time. The pictures depict human activities like dancing, hunting walking etc. These paintings are identical to those found in … Read more
Three Geological divisions: The peninsular block The Himalayas and other Peninsular Mountains Indo-Ganga-Brahmaputra Plain Peninsualar block is made of gneisses (metamorphic) and granites (igneous). Six physiographic divisions: The Northern and North-eastern Mountains The Northern Plain The Peninsular Plateau The Indian Desert The Coastal Plains The Islands Northern and North-Eastern Mountains Approximate length of … Read more
Indus Valley Civilization Indus Valley Civilization was the first major civilization in south Asia, which spread across a vast area of land in present day India and Pakistan (around 12 lakh sq.km). The time period of mature Indus Valley Civilization is estimated between BC. 2700- BC.1900 i.e. for 800 years. But early Indus Valley Civilization had … Read more
HIstoy of Madhya pradesh with emphasis on Prehistory Madhya Pradesh history states the past of the state, when it was ruled by the renowned dynasties. It even portrays the journey of the state from the past to the present. The state is said to be the habitat of some of the famous dynasties. The history of … Read more
Although the Rig Veda deals with devotional work of religious nature, yet it gives a vivid picture of the early Vedic civilization. The Vedic Civilization is best understood from the social life, political organisation, economic life and religious beliefs. The Kula or family was the basic unit of Rig-Vedic Society. The Kula was headed by … Read more
Indus Valley Civilization Indus Valley Civilization was the first major civilization in south Asia, which spread across a vast area of land in present day India and Pakistan (around 12 lakh sq.km). The time period of mature Indus Valley Civilization is estimated between BC. 2700- BC.1900 i.e. for 800 years. But early … Read more
Evolution and Geomorphology of the Indian Subcontinent About 140 million years ago the main landmass on Earth was concentrated together in a super continent called Gondwana which started to break up in four tectonic plates; African, Antarctic, Australian and Indian plates. The rifting is thought to be caused by the rising of a … Read more
Indus Valley Civilization Indus valley civilization or Harappan civilization, the earliest known urban culture of the Indian subcontinent. The nuclear dates of the civilization appear to be about 2500–1700 BCE, though the southern sites may have lasted later into the 2nd millennium BCE. The civilization was first identified in 1921 at Harappa in the Punjab … Read more