Notes and Study material for Exams
Ethical teachings Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Maulana Azad was not only this century’s most articulate votary of Hindu-Muslim unity but also the only one erudite aalim (Islamic scholar) who claimed Quranic sanction for his faith in that unity and the freedom of the nation. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad is, by any reckoning, a … Read more
Human Rights are commonly understood as inalienable Fundamental Rights “to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being,” and which are “inherent in all human beings” regardless of their nation, location, language, religion, ethnic origin or any other status. The history of human rights can be traced to past documents, … Read more
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> Truth Truth is considered as the highest human value connected with the intellectual domain of Personality. We accord highest value among the five Human Values to truth. Because in our firm faith resides its infallibility. Truth is the essence of all world religion and the distinguished … Read more
Christianity: A Global Faith with Diverse Expressions Christianity, one of the world’s largest and most influential religions, boasts a rich history spanning over two millennia. Its core tenets, centered around the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, have shaped civilizations, inspired art and literature, and continue to influence countless lives across the globe. This … Read more
The Elusive Pursuit of Justice: A Multifaceted Exploration Justice, a concept as ancient as civilization itself, has captivated philosophers, theologians, and legal minds for centuries. It is a multifaceted ideal, encompassing notions of fairness, impartiality, and the equitable distribution of rights and responsibilities. Yet, despite its enduring presence in human discourse, the meaning and application … Read more
Ethical Teachings Ram Manohar Lohiya Ram Manohar Lohia (1910 – 1967) divides his views into three parts. In the first part, Lohia’s conception of international Society is discussed. Lohia agrees with Gandhi and Nehru that the international society is basically composed of the nation-states. They are the dominant actors. They create order … Read more
The Bhakti Movement in Indian history represents a movement that popularized devotional surrender to a personally conceived supreme God. Its origins are traced to the Brahamanical and Buddhist traditions of ancient India. It was in south India that it grew from a religious tradition into a popular movement based on religious Equality and broad based … Read more
Guru Nanak Guru Nanak was the founder of Sikhism. He was a contemporary of Hinduism and Islam. At the same time he discarded the retrograde Elements of both religions. Nanak believed in the presence of a soul in every human being. Good actions of a man help the soul to merge with the Eternal soul … Read more
Human Values :Lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers, administrators Mahatma Gandhi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, or Mahatma Gandhi as he is fondly called, was the greatest political figure in India’s history. Hailed as the Father of the Nation, Gandhi inspired Indians with his non-violent movements for civil rights and freedom … Read more
‘Sufism’ is a term used to refer to mystical religious ideas in Islam. It had evolved into a well developed movement by the 11 century. Sufis, Stress on the importance of traversing the path of the Sufi pir enabling one to establish a direct communion with the divine. Sufism or mysticism emerged in the 8 … Read more