Notes and Study material for Exams
The Art of Balancing the Books: A Deep Dive into Government Budgeting Government budgeting is the cornerstone of any nation’s fiscal policy, shaping the allocation of resources and influencing the lives of its citizens. It’s a complex process that involves forecasting revenue, prioritizing spending, and managing debt, all while navigating political pressures and economic realities. … Read more
Navigating the Labyrinth: A Comprehensive Guide to Transfer Pricing Transfer pricing, the process of setting prices for goods, services, and intangible assets exchanged between related entities within a multinational corporation (MNC), is a complex and often controversial area of international taxation. While seemingly straightforward, the practice can be fraught with challenges, leading to potential disputes … Read more
Foreign Direct Investment: A Catalyst for Global Growth and Development Foreign direct investment (FDI) plays a pivotal role in the global economy, acting as a catalyst for economic growth, technological advancement, and job creation. It involves long-term investments made by companies from one country (the source country) into enterprises in another country (the host country). … Read more
The Evolution of Banking: From Barter to Blockchain The banking sector, a cornerstone of modern economies, has undergone a dramatic transformation throughout history. From its humble beginnings as a system for facilitating trade to its current state as a complex and interconnected global network, the evolution of banking has been driven by technological advancements, societal … Read more
The Dance of Supply and Demand: Understanding Floating Exchange Rates The global economy is a complex web of interconnected markets, and one of the most crucial elements in this web is the exchange rate. This seemingly simple number, representing the value of one currency against another, holds immense power, influencing trade, investment, and even the … Read more
The Green Climate Fund (GCF) is a financial mechanism established by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to support developing countries in their climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts. The GCF is governed by a board of 24 members, including 16 developing countries and 8 developed countries. The GCF has a total … Read more
Flood and Drought Occurrence Drought Drought is a complex, slow-onset phenomenon of ecological challenge that affects people more than any other natural hazards by causing serious economic, social and environmental losses in both developing and developed countries. The period of unusual dryness (i.e. drought) is a normal feature of the Climate and weather … Read more
Here is a list of subtopics without any description for Public-Private Participation InvestmentInvestment Model (PPP): PPP Project Cycle PPP Procurement PPP Risk Allocation PPP Financial Structuring PPP Contractual Arrangements PPP Performance Management PPP Evaluation PPP Trends PPP Case Studies PPP Resources Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are a type of collaboration between the public and private sectors … Read more
Understanding the Effective Revenue Deficit: A Comprehensive Guide The concept of revenue deficit is a crucial aspect of fiscal policy, reflecting the difference between a government’s revenue and its non-debt expenditure. However, the effective revenue deficit offers a more nuanced and accurate picture of the government’s fiscal health, taking into account the impact of various … Read more
Setu Bharatam Yojana: Building a Seamless and Safe India Introduction India, a land of diverse landscapes and vibrant cultures, faces a unique challenge in its quest for progress: bridging the physical and infrastructural gaps that hinder its economic growth and social development. Recognizing this, the Indian government launched the Setu Bharatam Yojana in 2016, a … Read more