Notes and Study material for Exams
Energy security Energy security can be defined as “the uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price”. Energy security has many dimensions: long-term energy security mainly deals with timely investments to supply energy in line with economic developments and sustainable environmental needs. Short-term energy security focuses on the ability of the energy … Read more
Debt and Investment in India: Current Status Debt status Government liabilities have been broadly classified as debt contracted against the Consolidated Fund of India (defined as Public Debt) and liabilities in the Public Account, called Other Liabilities. Public debt is further classified into internal and External Debt. Internal debt consists of marketable debt … Read more
Advance INFRASTRUCTURE-in-rural-areas/”>Infrastructure in Rural Areas Good quality infrastructure is critical to sustainable Growth, especially for rural areas. As over 60 per cent of the Population lives in rural areas, with low levels of per capital income, there is need to impart greater attention in improving rural infrastructure. Currently the rural infrastructure is inadequate … Read more
Make-in India – Start- up and Stand-up programmes Make-in India Make in India is the government’s flagship campaign intended to boost the domestic manufacturing Industry and attract foreign investors to invest into the Indian economy. The Indian Prime Minister, Mr. Narendra Modi first mentioned the keyphrase in his maiden Independence Day address from … Read more
Profit and loss IMPORTANT FACTS Cost Price: The price, at which an ARTICLE is purchased, is called its cost price, abbreviated as C.P. Selling Price: The price, at which an article is sold, is called its selling prices, abbreviated as S.P. Profit or Gain: If S.P. is greater than C.P., the seller is said … Read more
Compound Interest Let Principal = P, Rate = R% per annum, Time = n years. When interest is compound Annually: Amount = P 1 + R n 100 When interest is compounded Half-yearly: Amount = P 1 + (R/2) 2n 100 When interest is compounded Quarterly: Amount = … Read more
Issues Of Finance, ownership, operation and maintenance of all kinds of Foreign Direct Investment under automatic route in the construction development sector. High capital intensity, low operating cost, higher gestation period, near absent risk mitigation measures, difficulties in getting Environment clearance, inability to generate direct adequate income streams to selffinance are some of the challenges … Read more
Institutions of developmental finance A Development Financial institution (DFI) is defined as “an institution endorsed or supported by Government of india primarily to provide development/Project finance to one or more sectors or sub-sectors of the economy. the institution differentiates itself by a thoughtful balance between commercial norms of operation, as adopted by any financial institution … Read more
Public Private PARTNERSHIP for INFRASTRUCTURE and urban development projects. PPP is in particular need due to inefficiency, overstaffing and low productivity in govt. services and govt. owned enterprises. The projects under PPP go through competitive pricing process which clearly shows that the cost of public services is ‘bench marked’ against market standards. The payments which … Read more