Notes and Study material for Exams
The Surcharge on Certain Taxes and Duties: A Deep Dive into Article 271 of the Income Tax Act The Indian Income Tax Act, 1961, is a complex and multifaceted piece of legislation designed to ensure a fair and equitable distribution of the tax burden. One of the key provisions within this Act is Article 271, … Read more
The Budgetary Process in Parliament: A Symphony of Scrutiny and Approval The annual budget, a financial blueprint outlining government spending and revenue, is a cornerstone of any democratic society. It reflects the government’s priorities, shapes the lives of citizens, and ultimately determines the economic health of a nation. The process of crafting and approving this … Read more
Climate Change and Health: A Looming Crisis Climate change is no longer a distant threat; it is a present reality impacting every aspect of human life, including our health. The intricate web of interconnected systems that sustain life on Earth is being disrupted, leading to a cascade of health consequences that are already being felt … Read more
Here is a list of subtopics without any description for Real Exchange Rate: Real exchange rate Effective exchange rate Purchasing power parity BalassaÂSamuelson effect Real exchange rate targeting Real exchange rate misalignment Real exchange rate volatility Real exchange rate pass-through Real exchange rate appreciation Real exchange rate depreciation Real exchange rate overvaluation Real exchange rate … Read more
Disaster Management History shows that India is exposed to national disasters. INFRASTRUCTURE; and other efforts to make the community more resilient to a catastrophic event. Preparedness Preparedness focuses on understanding how a disaster might impact the community and how education, outreach and training can build capacity to respond to and recover from a disaster. This … Read more
The Tax-GDP Ratio: A Window into Fiscal Health and Economic Development The tax-GDP ratio, a fundamental metric in macroeconomics, reflects the proportion of a nation’s gross domestic product (GDP) collected as tax revenue. This ratio serves as a crucial indicator of a country’s fiscal health, its ability to fund public services, and its overall economic … Read more
The Goods and Services Tax (GST): A Comprehensive Guide The Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a comprehensive, multi-stage tax levied on the value addition at each stage of the production and supply chain. It is a destination-based tax, meaning the tax is levied on the final consumption of goods and services. GST has revolutionized … Read more
Energy security Energy security can be defined as “the uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price”. Energy security has many dimensions: long-term energy security mainly deals with timely investments to supply energy in line with economic developments and sustainable environmental needs. Short-term energy security focuses on the ability of the energy … Read more
The Twelfth Finance Commission was appointed under the chairmanship of C. Rangarajan on November 1, 2002 to make recommendations regarding the distribution between the Union and the States of net proceeds of shareable taxes, the principles which should govern the grants- in-aid of the revenues of States from the Consolidated Fund of India and … Read more
Renewable energy is energy that comes from natural sources or processes that are constantly replenished. Renewable energy sources include sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat. Renewable energy is becoming increasingly important as the world looks for ways to reduce its reliance on fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources that are finite and … Read more