Notes and Study material for Exams
The Dynamic Dance of Cooperation and Competition: Exploring the Evolution of Federalism in the United States The United States, a nation built on the principles of federalism, has witnessed a complex and evolving relationship between its national and state governments. This intricate dance between cooperation and competition, often referred to as “cooperative federalism” and “competitive … Read more
Bifurcation of powers between centre and state (state list, union list and concurrent list) The main characteristic of a federal constitution is the distribution of powers between the union and the states. The Indian constitution provides for a new kind of Federalism to meet India’s peculiar needs. In the matter of distribution of … Read more
Politics of sub-Regionalism and pressure groups in the Himachal Pradesh:- A sub-region refers to a small area within a region. Due to various factors, the people of a sub-region feel that they possess a distinct identity. A movement for the separation of that sub-region from a state or for the redressal of grievances in the … Read more
Lengthiest Written Constitution: Originally our constitution contained 395 articles divided in 22 parts and 8 schedules. Constitution has been amended 98 times. Currently there are 25 Parts, 12 Schedules, and 448 Articles. These figures show our constitution as the most comprehensive constitution in the world. (British have no written constitution and Constitution of USA had … Read more
The Dual Polity: A Framework for Understanding Power Dynamics in Modern Societies The concept of a “dual polity” has emerged as a powerful analytical tool for understanding the complex interplay of power and governance in modern societies. This framework, rooted in the work of political scientists and sociologists, recognizes the existence of two distinct but … Read more
The Rise of Regional Parties in India Introduction India is a vast and diverse country, with a population of over 1.3 billion people. It is also a democracy, with a multi-party system. In recent years, there has been a rise in the popularity of regional parties. These parties are based on regional identities and interests, … Read more
Switzerland: A Beacon of Direct Democracy and Federalism Switzerland, a small nation nestled in the heart of Europe, stands out as a unique and fascinating example of a constitutional system. Its political structure, characterized by a strong emphasis on direct democracy and federalism, has earned it global recognition and admiration. This article delves into the … Read more
Constitution of India: Foundation, characteristics Foundation of constitution Constitution is a legal document having a special legal sanctity, which sets out the framework and the principal functions of the organs of the government of a state, and declares the principles governing the operation of those organs. The Indian Constitution is based on the philosophy of … Read more
The doctrine of the Separation of Powers finds its roots in the ancient world, where the concepts of governmental functions, and the theories of mixed and balanced government, were evolved. These were essential Elements in the development of The doctrine of the separation of powers. Their transmission through medieval writings, to provide the basis of … Read more
Articles 168 to 212 in Part VI of the Constitution deal with the organisation, composition, duration, officers, procedures, privileges, powers and so on of the State Legislature.In most of the States, the Legislature consists of the Governor and the Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha). This means that these State have unicameral Legislature. In a Six States( … Read more