Notes and Study material for Exams
Introduction And Application Of Genetic Engineering Genetic engineering Genetic engineering, the artificial manipulation, modification, and recombination of DNA or other nucleic acid Molecules in order to modify an organism or Population of organisms. The term genetic engineering initially referred to various techniques used for the modification or manipulation of organisms through the processes of heredity … Read more
The Sunset Clause: A Tool for Temporal Legislation in India The concept of a sunset clause, also known as a “termination clause” or “expiry provision,” has gained increasing prominence in the Indian legal landscape. This provision, typically embedded within legislation, sets a specific date or event after which the law automatically ceases to be in … Read more
Artificial Intelligence Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. The term may also be applied to any machine that exhibits traits associated with a human mind such as Learning and problem-solving. Artificial intelligence is based on the principle that … Read more
Integrity Integrity means that the moral agent acts according to the inner convictions of a person. His conducts should be free from hypocrisy and deception. His actions should be in conformity with his stated values. But it is hard to follow high morals which one proclaims. The British historian GM Trevelyan has commented on … Read more
Ethical Concept-Rit and Rin, concept of Duties Rita Rita, (“truth” or “order”), in Indian religion and philosophy, the cosmic order mentioned in the Vedas, the ancient sacred scriptures of India. As Buddhism, desire has been considered to be the root cause of all sufferings. However, Hinduism acknowledges Kãma as a goal of human life and … Read more
Nature and scope of philosophy and religion Philosophy:Nature and scope The word ‘philosophy’ is derived from two Greek words philos and sophia. Philos stands for love and sophia for wisdom. It stood for serious cultivation of the intellect and understanding. It was a searching inquiry into the deeper values of life. But simply … Read more
Tissue culture Tissue culture, a method of biological research in which fragments of tissue from an animal or plant are transferred to an artificial Environment in which they can continue to survive and function. The cultured tissue may consist of a single cell, a Population of cells, or a whole or part of … Read more
Integrity Integrity means that the moral agent acts according to the inner convictions of a person. His conducts should be free from hypocrisy and deception. His actions should be in conformity with his stated values. But it is hard to follow high morals which one proclaims. The British historian GM Trevelyan has commented on … Read more
Insulating Civil Servants from Undue Political Interference: A Vital Pillar of Democratic Governance The concept of a neutral and impartial civil service, insulated from undue political interference, is a cornerstone of democratic governance. It ensures that public administration operates effectively, efficiently, and in the best interests of the people, rather than serving the whims of … Read more
Politician and Civil Servant Relations It is an era of welfare states. Gone are the days when states were either instruments of tyranny or mere custodians of law and order. Nowadays the states not only protect and restrain but also foster and promote. As such the role of the ministers, who work for … Read more