Notes and Study material for Exams
laboratory method of preparing alcohol Hydrolysis of Alkyl Halides This is a nucleophilic substitution reaction. R-X + KOHaq → R-OH The method is not satisfactory as olefins are also formed as by-products. However better yields is obtained by using moist Ag2O or aqueous K2CO3. Tertiary butyl halides mainly gives alkene due to dehydrohalogenation. Hydration of Alkenes This … Read more
Laboratory method of preparing alcohol Hydrolysis of Alkyl Halides This is a nucleophilic substitution reaction. R-X + KOHaq → R-OH The method is not satisfactory as olefins are also formed as by-products. However better yields is obtained by using moist Ag2O or aqueous K2CO3. Tertiary butyl halides mainly gives alkene due to dehydrohalogenation. Hydration of Alkenes This … Read more
Fermentation Fermentation, chemical process by which Molecules such as glucose are broken down anaerobically. More broadly, fermentation is the foaming that occurs during the manufacture of wine and beer, a process at least 10,000 years old. The frothing results from the evolution of carbon dioxide gas, though this was not recognized until the 17th century. … Read more
The Sweet Side of Agriculture: A Deep Dive into Sugar Crops Sugar, a ubiquitous ingredient in our daily lives, is derived from a variety of crops that have played a pivotal role in shaping human history and economies. From the ancient civilizations of India and China to the modern globalized market, sugar crops have fueled … Read more
Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme: Fueling India’s Green Future India, with its burgeoning population and rapidly growing economy, faces a significant challenge in meeting its energy demands while simultaneously mitigating the environmental impact of fossil fuel consumption. The Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme, a strategic initiative aimed at blending ethanol with petrol, emerges as a … Read more