Notes and Study material for Exams
The Environment Protection Act is an important legislation that provides for coordination of activities of the various regulatory agencies, creation of authorities with adequate powers for environmental protection, regulation of the discharge of environmental pollutants, handling of hazardous substances, etc. The Act provided an opportunity to extend legal protection to non-forest habitats (‘Ecologically Sensitive Areas’) … Read more
Afforestation and deforestation Afforestation Afforestation is the process of planting trees, or sowing seeds, in a barren land devoid of any trees to create a forest. The term should not be confused with reforestation, which is the process of specifically planting native trees into a forest that has decreasing numbers of trees. While reforestation is increasing … Read more
The pH of natural rain is found to be in the range from 5 to 7. The term Acid Rain is customarily applied to Precipitation with a pH below 5. Such low pH values are generally possible only in the presence of large amounts of anthropogenic pollution. Sulphuric acid and nitric acid is considered as … Read more
Ozone (O3) is a molecule made up of three atoms of Oxygen (O), and is mostly found in the strato- sphere, where it protects us from the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Although it represents only a tiny fraction of the Atmosphere, ozone is crucial for life on Earth. The stratospheric ozone layer forms a … Read more
The enhanced pace of developmental activities and rapid Urbanization have resulted in Stress on natural Resources and Quality Of Life. The trend of increasing pollution in various environmental media is evident from the deteriorating air and water quality, higher noise levels, increasing vehicular emission etc. Realising the urgent need for arresting the trend, Both Central … Read more
Biodiversity and intact Ecosystems. Climate justice is the understanding that we will not be able to stop climate change if we don’t change the neo-liberal, corporate-based economy which stops us from achieving sustainable societies. It is the understanding that corporate Globalization-3/”>Globalization must be stopped. The historical responsibility for the vast majority of greenhouse gas emissions … Read more
Issues Of Finance, ownership, operation and maintenance of all kinds of Foreign Direct Investment under automatic route in the construction development sector. High capital intensity, low operating cost, higher gestation period, near absent risk mitigation measures, difficulties in getting Environment clearance, inability to generate direct adequate income streams to selffinance are some of the challenges … Read more
Current trends and challenges in the Indian economy Good news is underway for India as its economy is poised to win back its tag of the fastest growing economy in the world. The recent upgrade of India’s rating by the US based credit rating agency Moody’s (Baa2 from Baa3) in recognition of the reforms agenda … Read more
The Eight Core industries comprise 40.27 per cent of the weight of items included in the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) and are as follows:- Coal Crude Oil Natural Gas Refinery Products Fertilizers Steel Cement Electricity Coal The reality of India’s Energy sector is that around three-quarters of our power comes from coal powered Plants … Read more
IMPACT OF NEW ECONOMIC POLICY India’s post-independence development strategy showed all the signs of stagnation, but the economy started showing the sign of recovery in the early nineties when the government adopted the new economic model known as INFRASTRUCTURE, into a modern developed economy. New Economic Policy 1991 India opened up the economy in the … Read more