Notes and Study material for Exams
The Citizenship Amendment Act, 2019 (CAA) is an Act of the Parliament of India that provides a path to Indian citizenship for persecuted religious minorities from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan, who entered India on or before December 31, 2014. The Act was passed by the Lok Sabha on December 11, 2019, and by the Rajya … Read more
Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) is a law that criminalizes “carnal intercourse against the order of nature.” The law was enacted in 1860, during British rule, and has been used to persecute and discriminate against LGBTQ+ people in India for over 150 years. In 2009, a group of LGBTQ+ activists filed a … Read more
The National Commission for Minorities (NCM) is a statutory body set up by the Government of India under the National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992. The NCM is a quasi-judicial body with the power to investigate complaints of discrimination against minorities and to recommend remedial measures to the government. The NCM has the following functions: … Read more
The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) is a statutory body constituted by the Government of India under the provisions of the Constitution of India. The Commission was established on 25 November 1992 with the objective of protecting and promoting the interests of the Scheduled Tribes (STs) of India. The NCST is headed by a … Read more
Right to Freedom of Religion (Article 25 – 28) Introduction The right to freedom of religion is a fundamental human right that is enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). This right is essential for the full development of the individual and for the promotion of tolerance and understanding between different religions and … Read more
What is Communalism? Communalism is a form of social conflict that occurs between different religious or ethnic groups. It is often characterized by violence, discrimination, and hatred. Communalism can have a devastating impact on communities, leading to loss of life, property, and social cohesion. Causes of Communalism There are many factors that can contribute to … Read more