Notes and Study material for Exams
Parliament and State legislature Introduction The Parliament and State legislature are the two main legislative bodies in India. The Parliament is the supreme legislative body of the country, while the State legislature is the supreme legislative body of each state. Both the Parliament and State legislature are responsible for making laws, overseeing the executive branch, … Read more
Proportional Representation: A Fairer System for Democracy? Proportional representation (PR) is a family of electoral systems that aims to allocate seats in a legislature in proportion to the number of votes each party receives. This stands in contrast to the more common “winner-take-all” systems, such as the first-past-the-post (FPTP) system used in the United States … Read more
Values are the standards on which, we evaluate things. For every situation we don’t have time to ‘test’ the case on ethics theories such as utilitarianism. Values provide time saving short-cut in such situation. Under New public management (NPM), the concept of public Services is fast changing. Bureaucrat has become directly accountable to citizen-customer. He … Read more
Coalition Governments in States The term coalition is derived from the Latin word ‘coalition’ meaning to go or grow together. Thus it means an act of coalescing or uniting into one body or alliance. It indicates the combination of a number of bodies or parts into one body or whole. In the political … Read more
Philosophes such as Voltaire considered England’s government the most progressive in Europe. England’s ruler was no despot, not even an enlightened one. His power had been limited by law. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 had given England a
Ceilings on Landholdings: A Historical and Contemporary Perspective Land, the fundamental resource upon which civilizations are built, has always been a subject of intense debate and regulation. Throughout history, societies have grappled with the question of land ownership and its distribution, often implementing ceilings on landholdings to address concerns of inequality, economic stagnation, and social … Read more
Democracy: Direct and Indirect Democracy in modern usage, is a System of Government in which the citizens exercise power directly or elect representatives from among themselves to form a governing body, such as a parliament. Democracy is sometimes referred to as “rule of the majority”. Democracy is a system of processing conflicts in which outcomes … Read more
Pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity Pressure groups have become a very important part of an administrative system. These groups try to pressurise the administrative and political system of a country either to ensure that their interests are promoted or to see that at least their interests are not relegated … Read more
Introduction The Indian Judiciary plays an increasingly important role in the life and the governance of this country.. Recently CJI as the master of the roster with the sole prerogative to determine which Bench of judges gets to hear which cases comes under question. Four senior judges of supreme court … Read more
Preventive Detention: A Balancing Act Between Security and Liberty Preventive detention, the practice of detaining individuals without trial based on the belief that they pose a future threat, is a controversial legal concept that raises fundamental questions about the balance between security and liberty. While proponents argue that it is a necessary tool to prevent … Read more