Notes and Study material for Exams
Basic Knowledge of Laws in India The law is an amorphous set of rules govern individuals and group behavior. We don’t even know about many of these rules or we understand them only generally. For example, you don’t need to see a written law to know that it’s a crime to steal or destroy someone … Read more
Social reform measures by British Government (1828 to 1857) Hinduism in particular had become a compound of magic, animism, and superstitions. The abominable rites like animal sacrifice and physical torture had replaced the worship of God. The priests exercised an overwhelming and unhealthy influence on the mind of people. The faithful lived in … Read more
Expanding horizons of Fundamental Rights; Enforceability against State and others Founding fathers influenced by Bill of Rights of American Constitution, Declaration of Rights of Man of France, The Irish Constitution of 1935, the post war Constitution of Japan & Burma, the Universal Human Rights’ Chapter & Nehru Report of 1928 engrafted fundamental rights … Read more
New developments in criminal laws The Criminal Law (Amendment) Bill 2018 The Lok Sabha has passed the Criminal Law (Amendment) Bill 2018 that proposes to enhance punishment for rape of a child. The Bill provides for death penalty as the maximum punishment in cases of rape of a child under 12. The Bill … Read more
Concepts of Crime The concept of crime is essentially concerned with the conduct of individuals in Society. It is as eternal as society and everywhere some human beinghave fallen outside the pattern of permitted crime. It is best to accept the fact thatcrime cannot be abolished except in non-existent utopia. Weakness, anger, greed, … Read more
Difference between substantial and procedural laws Procedural laws Procedural law provides the process that a case will go through (whether it goes to trial or not). The procedural law determines how a proceeding concerning the enforcement of substantive law will occur. Substantive law defines how the facts in the case will be handled, as well … Read more
Civil And Criminal Laws: hierarchy of civil and criminal courts in India Courts and Justice system in India The courts are divided into three categories with top court, middle court and lower court. The top court is named as The Supreme Court, while the middle court is named as High Court, and the lower court … Read more
The Marginalized Voices: A Deep Dive into Scheduled Tribes and Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in India India, a land of diverse cultures and ethnicities, is home to a significant population of indigenous communities, collectively known as Scheduled Tribes (STs). These communities, often residing in remote and geographically challenging areas, have faced historical marginalization and … Read more
The 102nd Amendment Act: A Landmark Step Towards Inclusive Democracy The 102nd Amendment Act of 2003, also known as the National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution (NCRWC) Amendment Act, stands as a significant milestone in the evolution of India’s democratic framework. This amendment, along with the 92nd Amendment Act of 2003, introduced … Read more
The Foundation of Order: A Deep Dive into Civil Law Civil law, a legal system rooted in codified statutes and legislative enactments, forms the bedrock of legal systems across the globe. From Europe to Latin America, Asia, and Africa, its influence is undeniable, shaping the lives of billions. This article delves into the intricacies of … Read more