Notes and Study material for Exams
Tilling the Soil: A Comprehensive Guide to Types of Tillage Tillage, the mechanical manipulation of soil, is a fundamental practice in agriculture. It plays a crucial role in preparing the land for planting, controlling weeds, and managing soil health. However, the type of tillage employed can significantly impact these outcomes, influencing crop yields, soil fertility, … Read more
Ganga Prahari: Grassroots Guardians of the Ganga The Ganga, revered as a sacred river by millions, faces a multitude of challenges. Pollution, deforestation, and unsustainable agricultural practices threaten its ecological integrity and the livelihoods of those who depend on it. In the face of these threats, a vibrant network of grassroots organizations and individuals has … Read more
The Power of Discretionary Grants: A Guide to Securing Funding for Your Project Discretionary grants are a powerful tool for organizations and individuals seeking funding for projects that align with specific goals and priorities. Unlike formula grants, which are awarded based on predetermined criteria and formulas, discretionary grants offer greater flexibility and the opportunity to … Read more
Depletion of Natural Resources– Metals, Minerals — Conservation Policy All the materials and energy essential for the survival and welfare of living beings including humans-are provided by nature. They are called Natural Resources. A thing becomes resource only when it is used by humans to perform a function. Man lives in nature and … Read more
The Sunderbans: A Symphony of Life in the Mangrove Swamps The Sunderbans, a vast expanse of mangrove forests straddling the border of India and Bangladesh, is a testament to the resilience and beauty of nature. This unique ecosystem, a labyrinth of tidal channels, mudflats, and dense mangrove vegetation, is a haven for biodiversity, a bulwark … Read more
Biodiversity-Defination, types, importance, hotspots, threats and conservation The term biodiversity was coined as a contraction of biological diversity by E.O. Wilson in 1985. Biodiversity may be defined as the variety and variability of living organisms and the ecological complexes in which they exist. In other words, biodiversity is the occurrence of different types … Read more
The Environment Protection Act is an important legislation that provides for coordination of activities of the various regulatory agencies, creation of authorities with adequate powers for environmental protection, regulation of the discharge of environmental pollutants, handling of hazardous substances, etc. The Act provided an opportunity to extend legal protection to non-forest habitats (‘Ecologically Sensitive Areas’) … Read more
Farming Systems and sustainability Nature is dynamic. It causes inheritable changes in all living organisms. For thousands of years, farmer around the world have been selecting and conserving varieties of different crop Plants that they cultivated. This process has generated a rich wealth of varieties in each crop plant, seen to be most … Read more
National Watershed Development Programme National Watershed Development Programme for Rain fed Areas (NWDPRA) is a programme subsumed under Macro Management of agriculture (MMA) Scheme of Department of Agriculture & Cooperation which has been amended for the XI Five Year Plan. The guidelines of the revised MMA are also applicable from the financial year 2008-09. The … Read more
Farming Systems Introduction Farming systems are the ways in which people grow crops and raise LivestockLivestock. They vary depending on the climate, SoilSoil, water availability, and other factors. There are many different types of farming systems, but they can be broadly divided into two categories: subsistence farming and commercial farming. Subsistence farming is a type … Read more