Notes and Study material for Exams
One of the basic tenets of our Foreign Policy has been non-alignment. As an element of foreign policy non-alignment m e a n s i n d e p e n d e n t o f b l o c s , peaceful coexistence, global peace, disarmament, struggle against all manifestations of injustices … Read more
Cold desert of India include areas of ladak, leh and kargil of kashmir and spiti valley of Himachal Pradesh and some parts of northern Uttaranchal and Sikkim. Lies in rain shadow of Himalaya Oak, pine, deodar, birch and rhododendron are the important trees and bushes found there. Major animal include yaks, dwarf cows, and … Read more
India’s Role in the Creation of Bangladesh: A Complex Legacy The birth of Bangladesh in 1971 was a momentous event, not only for the newly formed nation but also for the South Asian region. While the struggle for independence was primarily led by the people of East Pakistan, India played a crucial and multifaceted role … Read more
Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure: A Catalyst for Sustainable Food Systems Introduction The global food system faces significant challenges, including food waste, food insecurity, and environmental degradation. A key factor contributing to these issues is the lack of robust and integrated cold chain and value addition infrastructure. This infrastructure plays a crucial role … Read more
Natural Hazards in India: A Nation Under Threat India, a land of diverse landscapes and vibrant culture, is also a nation grappling with a multitude of natural hazards. From the towering Himalayas to the vast coastal plains, the country faces a complex interplay of geological, climatic, and anthropogenic factors that contribute to a wide range … Read more
The Chilling Reality: Understanding Cold Waves Cold waves, those periods of unusually low temperatures that grip regions for days or even weeks, are a stark reminder of the power of nature. While often associated with winter, cold waves can occur at any time of year, bringing with them a host of challenges and risks. This … Read more
The Humboldt Current: A Lifeline of Life and a Beacon of Change The Humboldt Current, also known as the Peru Current, is a cold, nutrient-rich ocean current that flows northward along the western coast of South America. This powerful current plays a pivotal role in the global climate system, supporting a diverse and abundant marine … Read more
The Symphony of the Seas: Exploring the Diverse World of Ocean Currents The ocean, a vast and enigmatic realm, is far from static. Beneath its surface, a complex network of currents constantly churns, transporting heat, nutrients, and marine life across the globe. These currents, like the veins of a living organism, play a crucial role … Read more
The Tundra: A Frozen Frontier of Life The word “tundra” evokes images of vast, desolate landscapes blanketed in snow and ice. While this perception holds some truth, the tundra is far from barren. It is a unique and resilient ecosystem, home to a surprising array of life adapted to survive in some of the harshest … Read more
The Steppe Climate: A World of Extremes The steppe climate, also known as the semi-arid climate, is a fascinating and challenging environment that stretches across vast regions of the world. Characterized by its unique combination of dry conditions, extreme temperature fluctuations, and sparse vegetation, the steppe climate presents a unique set of challenges and opportunities … Read more