Notes and Study material for Exams
The Changwon Declaration: A Call to Action for Human Well-being and Wetlands The world’s wetlands are facing unprecedented threats. From habitat loss and degradation to climate change and pollution, these vital ecosystems are under immense pressure. Recognizing the interconnectedness of human well-being and wetland health, the international community came together in 2008 to adopt the … Read more
The Paris Agreement: A Turning Point in the Fight Against Climate Change The 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), held in Paris in December 2015, marked a pivotal moment in the global effort to combat climate change. This landmark conference resulted in the adoption of … Read more
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> Changes in Cropping pattern Cropping pattern means the proportion of area under various crops at a point of time or yearly sequence and spatial arrangement of crops and Changes in cropping pattern Cropping pattern means the proportion of area under various crops at a point … Read more
National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem (NMSHE): A Beacon of Hope for the Roof of the World The Himalayas, often referred to as the “Roof of the World,” are a majestic mountain range spanning across eight countries, including India, Nepal, China, Pakistan, Bhutan, Afghanistan, Myanmar, and Bangladesh. This vast ecosystem is a vital source … Read more
Usefulness of Plants and human affairs (utility) Food Plants are the main source of food for humans. Plants, unlike humans and animals, manufacture their own food. They do so by the process known as Photosynthesis in their green leaves by use of sunlight. They can convert and store the Light energy in the … Read more
India has a capacity to develop about 1,95,000 MW of non-conventional energy resource. India was the first country in the world to set up a ministry of non-conventional INFRASTRUCTURE. India does not have a well-developed grid system for transmitting and distributing non-conventional energy. This makes it difficult to connect non-conventional power plants to the grid … Read more
Soil Health Card Scheme (SHCS): Revitalizing India’s Soils Introduction India’s vast agricultural landscape, the backbone of its economy and food security, faces a critical challenge: declining soil health. Decades of intensive farming practices, coupled with climate change, have led to soil degradation, impacting crop yields and threatening the livelihoods of millions of farmers. Recognizing this … Read more
Soil conservation planning on watershed basis Watershed development activity was taken up in the country prior to independence in the state of Maharashtra (then Bombay state) as a scarcity relief work during drought years in which contour binding programme for conservation of moisture and control of soil erosion was mostly undertaken, After independence, … Read more
Ozone (O3) is a molecule made up of three atoms of Oxygen (O), and is mostly found in the strato- sphere, where it protects us from the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Although it represents only a tiny fraction of the Atmosphere, ozone is crucial for life on Earth. The stratospheric ozone layer forms a … Read more
The Forest Carbon Partnership Facility: A Bridge Between Conservation and Development The world’s forests are facing unprecedented threats. Deforestation and forest degradation are rampant, driven by factors like agricultural expansion, illegal logging, and climate change. These threats not only impact biodiversity and ecosystem services but also contribute significantly to global greenhouse gas emissions. Recognizing the … Read more