Notes and Study material for Exams
Ex-situ Conservation: Safeguarding Biodiversity Beyond Natural Habitats The Earth’s biodiversity is facing unprecedented threats, driven by habitat loss, climate change, invasive species, and unsustainable exploitation. To mitigate these threats and ensure the survival of endangered species, conservation efforts have evolved beyond traditional in-situ approaches, embracing the concept of ex-situ conservation. This strategy involves the removal … Read more
The World Network of Biosphere Reserves: A Global Framework for Conservation and Sustainable Development The Earth’s biodiversity is facing unprecedented threats from climate change, habitat loss, and unsustainable practices. Recognizing the urgency of protecting our planet’s natural heritage, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) established the World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR) … Read more
Biosphere is a part of the earth where life can exist. represents a highly integrated and interacting zone comprising of Atmosphere (air), hydrosphere (water) and lithosphere (land) Life in the biosphere is abundant between 200 metres (660 feet) below the surface of the ocean and about 6,000 metres (20,000 feet) above sea level. absent at … Read more
Biodiversity with its sustainable use. They are internationally recognized, nominated by national governments and remain under sovereign jurisdiction of the states where they are located”. In 1971, UNESCO launched a global programme to formalize the scientific interaction between man and his natural environment. This programme is called the Man and the Biosphere … Read more
Eco-System-An ecosystem is defined as a structural and functional unit of Biosphere consisting of community of living beings and the physical Environment, both interacting and exchanging materials between them. It includes Plants, trees, animals, fish, birds, micro-organisms, water, Soil, and people. When an ecosystem is healthy (i.e. sustainable) it means that all the Elements live … Read more
The Major Domains of Earth: A Journey Through Our Planet’s Diverse Systems Earth, our home planet, is a dynamic and complex system, teeming with life and shaped by a multitude of interconnected processes. To understand this intricate web of interactions, we can divide Earth into major domains, each with its unique characteristics and crucial role … Read more
The Man and Biosphere Programme: A Global Network for Sustainable Development The Man and Biosphere Programme (MAB) is a UNESCO-led intergovernmental scientific program launched in 1971. It aims to establish a scientific basis for improving the relationship between people and the biosphere, promoting sustainable development through conservation and management of natural resources. This article delves … Read more
In India, at present forest areas cover about 76.5 million hectares of land, which is about 23 per cent of the total geographical area. It ranges from about 87 per cent in Andaman & Nicobar Islands to only about 4 percent in Haryana making to range difference of 83 percent. According to our National … Read more
What is a Biosphere Reserve? A Biosphere Reserve is a special ecosystem or a specialized Environment with a Flora and Fauna that require protection and nurturing. These reserves are managed and studied for the conservation of various life forms found here. They are subjects of scientific and natural interest. According to UNESCO, “Biosphere reserves … Read more
Eco-System-An ecosystem is defined as a structural and functional unit of Biosphere consisting of community of living beings and the physical Environment, both interacting and exchanging materials between them. It includes Plants, trees, animals, fish, birds, micro-organisms, water, Soil, and people. When an ecosystem is healthy (i.e. sustainable) it means that all the Elements live … Read more