Notes and Study material for Exams
Fascist Ideology and its global implications Fascism is an effective political ideology whose central theme is the notion of an organically combined national community, exemplified in a belief in ‘strength through unity’. The individual, in a factual sense, is nothing; individual identity must be completely absorbed into the community or social group. To … Read more
System of Government Types of government Features of a Good System of Government Challenges of Government System of Government A system of government is a set of political institutions and norms by which a nation is governed. These institutions and norms define the relationship between different branches of government, as well as the relationship between … Read more
List of Political Ideologies Political ideologies are systems of ideas that provide a framework for understanding and evaluating political phenomena. They can be based on a variety of factors, including economic theory, social philosophy, and religious beliefs. There are many different political ideologies, but some of the most common include: Communism: Communism is a political … Read more
What is a Dictatorship? A dictatorship is a form of government in which a single person or small group holds absolute power without effective constitutional limitations. Dictators typically come to power through force or fraud, and they often rule with an iron fist, suppressing dissent and controlling all aspects of life in their country. History … Read more
Totalitarianism Totalitarianism is a form of government characterized by a single-party system, state control of the economy, and a repressive secret police. Totalitarian regimes seek to control all aspects of their citizens’ lives, from their thoughts and beliefs to their daily activities. They often use violence and intimidation to maintain power. Characteristics of Totalitarianism There … Read more
Fascism is a form of far-right, authoritarian ultranationalism characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, and strong regimentation of society and of the economy. Fascism originated in Italy in the early 20th century and spread to other parts of Europe, including Germany and Spain. It was defeated in World War II, but it has … Read more
Political Homogeneity Political homogeneity is a state in which there is a high degree of similarity in the political beliefs and values of a population. This can be measured in terms of the distribution of political parties, the level of voter turnout, and the degree of political polarization. There are a number of factors that … Read more
The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 was the most controversial amendment to the Constitution of India. It was passed by the Indira Gandhi government at a time when the country was under Emergency rule. The amendment made a number of changes to the Constitution, including: Making India a “socialist secular republic” Abrogating fundamental rights Empowering … Read more
The Crisis of Democratic Order Democracy is in crisis. In recent years, we have seen a rise in authoritarian leaders, a decline in trust in institutions, and a growing polarization of public opinion. These trends are not unique to any one country or region; they are global in scope. There are many factors that have … Read more