Social Reforms Movements In Muslim Community

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Social Reforms Movements in Muslim Community: Wahabi Movement & Aligarh Movement

 

The Muslims reformers in India launched many religious movements. Some tried to revive the religion and other tried to reform the religion. During the 19th century religion reforms movement were on the peak. Movements like Deoband Movement, Ahamadiya movement, Aligarh Movement; Wahabi Movement has influenced the masses and made them think about their religion and their status.

In this ARTICLE, we will discuss about Wahabi movement and Aligarh Movement.

 

Wahabi Movement

 

Timings of movement:

Wahabi movement expands from 1820 to 1870.

Foundation of movement:

Saiyad Ahmad was the leader of movement in India who was influenced by the teaching of Abdul Wahab of Arab and saint shah Waliullah.

Objective of movement:

Wahabi movement was a reformist movement, which tried to do away with UN-Islamic practices in Islam. It was a Islamic purifying movement. However, later the movement turned against Sikh and British Imperials.

Important events of movement:

 Saiyad Ahmad led a countrywide movement to spread his movement. He wanted to make India from Dar-ul-Hurb to Dar-ul-Islam. Dar-ul-Hurb means land of Kafirs.

Syed Ahmed criticized all changes and innovations in Islam and encouraged a return to the pure Islam and Society of Arabia of the Prophet’s times.

For the achievement of the desired objectives, Syed Ahmad looked for

  1. the correct leader,
  2. a proper association and
  3. a safe territory from where he wanted to launch his Jihad.

At first, he revolted against the Sikh kingdom ruler Maharaja Ranjit Singh. In 1830 they captrured Peshawar but they lost it to Sikhs in 1831 after the battle of Balakot.

After the inclusion of Punjab in 1849 in East India Company British was the target of Wahabi Movement.

Wahabi revolted against British in 1860s but British understood the upcmong danger. They suppress the movement after attacking Wahabi bases in Sathana, Bihar.

Effect of movement:

Wahabi Movement spread the word of religion in Islam and it accepted Islam as the most important religion in the world. The British in 1870 altogether suppressed the movement.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aligarh Movement

 

Foundation of movement:

Sir Syed Ahmad Khan launched the Aligarh movement. He started the Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College at Aligarh in 1875, which was later, become center of Aligarh Movement.

Objective of movement:

Unlike Wahabi movement Aligarh movement was a revivalist movement; which sought change in religion as the need of the hour. Aligarh movement saw western Education necessary for the development of individual.

Important events of movement:  

The Aligarh Movement was the drive for modern Muslim education.

It played an important role to Indian Muslims by its political foresightedness.

From the early stages, the movement was political in nature.  In 1886 Sir Syed Ahmad Khan founded the All India Muhammadan Educational Conference i to promote more broadly the educational aims of Aligarh Movement.

New trend in Urdu literature was due to Aligarh Movement. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan and his association accepted and promoted simple style, which helped Muslims to understand the main purpose of the movement. It discarded the old writing style of Urdu, which was not for the common people.

The Aligarh Movement promoted adoption of a historical and moral Attitude, which influenced the life of the Indian Muslim.

 It helped scholars to leave the romantic style of prose and poetry.

Urdu Defense Association considered as derivative of the Aligarh Movement.

The Deoband School was opposed to the movement as Aligarh Movement. They considered it as supporters of the British

 

Effect of movement:

The Wahabi movement and other movements before 1857 saw Muslims anti- British. After the revolt, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan thought to have support of British in the development of Islam and Muslims in India.

Aligarh Movement gave political representation to Muslims and improved their social condition.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


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The Muslim community has a long history of social reform movements. These movements have sought to improve the lives of Muslims in a variety of ways, including by promoting education, Women‘s rights, and religious freedom.

One of the earliest social reform movements in the Muslim community was the Wahhabi movement. The Wahhabis were a group of Muslims who sought to return Islam to its original purity by purifying it of what they saw as innovations and corruptions. They believed that Islam had been corrupted by centuries of foreign influence, and that it needed to be restored to its original state. The Wahhabis were successful in establishing a number of Islamic states in Arabia, and their teachings have had a significant impact on the development of Islam in the 19th and 20th centuries.

Another important social reform movement in the Muslim community was the Deobandi movement. The Deobandis were a group of Muslims who sought to reform Islam and make it relevant to the modern world. They believed that Islam was a religion that could be compatible with progress and science, and they worked to promote education and social welfare among Muslims. The Deobandi movement has had a significant impact on the development of Islam in South Asia.

The Salafi movement is a modern Islamic movement that began in the 20th century. The Salafis are a group of Muslims who seek to return Islam to its original purity. They believe that Islam has been corrupted by centuries of foreign influence, and that it needs to be restored to its original state. The Salafis have had a significant impact on the development of Islam in the Middle East and North Africa.

The Islamic modernist movement was a 19th-century movement that sought to reconcile Islam with modernity. The movement was led by thinkers such as Jamal al-Din al-Afghani and Muhammad Abduh, who argued that Islam was compatible with progress and science. The Islamic modernist movement had a significant impact on the development of Islam in the 20th century.

The Islamic feminist movement is a movement that seeks to improve the status of women in Islam. The movement is based on the belief that Islam is a religion that promotes Equality and Justice for all, including women. The Islamic feminist movement has had a significant impact on the development of Islam in the 20th and 21st centuries.

The Islamic revivalist movement is a movement that seeks to revive the Islamic faith and culture. The movement is based on the belief that Islam has been corrupted by Western influences, and that it needs to be returned to its original purity. The Islamic revivalist movement has had a significant impact on the development of Islam in the 20th and 21st centuries.

These are just a few of the many social reform movements that have taken place in the Muslim community. These movements have had a significant impact on the development of Islam, and they continue to play an important role in the lives of Muslims around the world.

What are the main social reforms movements in the Muslim community?

There have been many social reforms movements in the Muslim community throughout history. Some of the most notable include the following:

  • The Wahhabi movement, which began in the 18th century, sought to return to a more pure form of Islam.
  • The Pan-Islamic movement, which began in the 19th century, sought to unite Muslims around the world.
  • The Islamic modernist movement, which began in the 19th century, sought to reconcile Islam with modern ideas and institutions.
  • The Islamic feminist movement, which began in the 20th century, sought to improve the rights of women in Muslim societies.

What are the goals of these movements?

The goals of these movements vary depending on the specific movement. However, some common goals include the following:

  • To promote social justice and equality.
  • To improve the status of women.
  • To combat religious extremism.
  • To promote religious Tolerance and understanding.

What are some of the challenges faced by these movements?

Some of the challenges faced by these movements include the following:

  • Opposition from conservative Elements within the Muslim community.
  • Lack of funding and Resources.
  • Lack of political support.
  • The spread of religious extremism.

What are some of the successes of these movements?

Some of the successes of these movements include the following:

  • The improvement of the status of women in many Muslim societies.
  • The promotion of religious tolerance and understanding.
  • The combating of religious extremism.
  • The development of a more progressive and inclusive interpretation of Islam.

What are the future prospects for these movements?

The future prospects for these movements are uncertain. However, they are likely to continue to play an important role in the development of the Muslim community.

1. Which of the following is not a social reform movement in the Muslim community?
(A) The Aligarh Movement
(B) The Wahhabi Movement
(C) The Deobandi Movement
(D) The Tablighi Jamaat

2. The Aligarh Movement was founded by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan in 1875. What was its main goal?
(A) To reform the Muslim community and bring it into the modern age
(B) To promote education among Muslims
(C) To create a pan-Islamic identity
(D) To overthrow British rule in India

3. The Wahhabi Movement was founded by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab in the 18th century. What was its main goal?
(A) To reform the Muslim community and bring it back to the teachings of the Quran and Sunnah
(B) To promote education among Muslims
(C) To create a pan-Islamic identity
(D) To overthrow British rule in India

4. The Deobandi Movement was founded in 1867 by Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi and Rashid Ahmad Gangohi. What was its main goal?
(A) To reform the Muslim community and bring it into the modern age
(B) To promote education among Muslims
(C) To create a pan-Islamic identity
(D) To overthrow British rule in India

5. The Tablighi Jamaat was founded in 1926 by Muhammad Ilyas al-Kandhlawi. What is its main goal?
(A) To reform the Muslim community and bring it into the modern age
(B) To promote education among Muslims
(C) To create a pan-Islamic identity
(D) To spread the message of Islam and invite people to the religion of Islam