Simon Commission (1927)- For RAS RTS Mains Exam and Ras Rts Prelims Examination

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  • Indian Statutory Commission chaired by Simon to go into the question of further constitutional reform
  • All its seven members were Englishmen. Clement Attlee was one of the members.
  • Lord Birkinhead was the secretary of state at that time
  • At its Madras session in 1927 INC decided to boycott the commission “at every stage and in every form”
    • ML and Hindu Mahasabha supported Congress
  • Nehru Report, 1928
    • Dominion status
    • Contained Bill of Rights
    • No state religion
    • Federal form
    • Linguistically determined provinces
    • No separate electorates
    • All Party Convention, held at Calcutta in 1928, failed to pass the report
    • Muslim league rejected the proposals of the report
    • Jinnah drafted his fourteen points
    • Hindu Mahasabha and Sikh League also objected
  • Poorna Swaraj
    • Resolution passed at the Lahore session in 1929
    • On 31 December 1929, the tri-color was hoisted
    • On 26 January 1930, Independence Day was celebrated

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    The Simon Commission was a British Royal Commission appointed in November 1927 to report on the constitutional future of India. The commission was composed of seven members, all of whom were British, and was chaired by Sir John Simon. The commission’s report, which was published in 1930, recommended a gradual transfer of power from the British to Indian hands, but it was rejected by Indian nationalists, who saw it as a betrayal of the promises made by the British government in the Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms of 1919. The Simon Commission’s report led to the Indian National Congress launching the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1930.

    Composition of the Simon Commission

    The Simon Commission was composed of seven members, all of whom were British. The members were:

    • Sir John Simon, the chairman of the commission
    • Sir Reginald Coupland, a historian
    • Sir William Morris, a lawyer
    • Sir Edward Benthall, a civil servant
    • Sir Herbert Emerson, a civil servant
    • Sir John Kerr, a civil servant
    • Mr. Clement Attlee, a Labour politician

    Terms of reference of the Simon Commission

    The Simon Commission was appointed to report on the constitutional future of India. The terms of reference of the commission were:

    • To inquire into the working of the System of Government in British India, and the development of representative institutions in the provinces, with a view to making recommendations as to the further development of self-government in India, and the progressive realization of Responsible Government in the Dominions within the British Empire.
    • To consider the relations of the Government of British India to the Indian States, and to recommend the best means of developing and maintaining friendly relations between them.
    • To consider the possibility of bringing about a closer association between British India and the Indian States.

    Work of the Simon Commission

    The Simon Commission visited India in 1928 and held public hearings in various parts of the country. The commission also received written submissions from various organizations and individuals. The commission’s report was published in 1930.

    Report of the Simon Commission

    The Simon Commission’s report recommended a gradual transfer of power from the British to Indian hands. The commission proposed a three-stage plan for the transfer of power:

    • Stage 1: The establishment of a federal government for British India, with the provinces having a large measure of autonomy.
    • Stage 2: The establishment of a responsible government in the provinces, with the central government having limited powers.
    • Stage 3: The establishment of a fully responsible government in India, with the British government having no powers except those relating to defense and foreign affairs.

    Reaction to the Simon Commission

    The Simon Commission’s report was rejected by Indian nationalists, who saw it as a betrayal of the promises made by the British government in the Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms of 1919. The Indian National Congress launched the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1930 to protest against the Simon Commission’s report.

    Impact of the Simon Commission

    The Simon Commission’s report had a significant impact on the history of India. The report led to the Indian National Congress launching the Civil Disobedience Movement, which was a major turning point in the struggle for Indian independence. The report also led to the British government appointing the Indian Round Table Conferences, which were a series of conferences held in London in 1930 and 1932 to discuss the future of India. The Indian Round Table Conferences ultimately led to the passing of the Government of India Act of 1935, which granted India a large measure of self-government.

    The Simon Commission was a British Royal Commission appointed in November 1927 to investigate the constitutional reforms in India. The commission was named after its chairman, Sir John Simon, a Liberal politician. The commission consisted of seven members, all of whom were British.

    The Simon Commission was met with widespread protests in India. The Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League boycotted the commission. The protests were so intense that the commission was forced to postpone its visit to several parts of India.

    The Simon Commission submitted its report in May 1930. The report recommended a number of constitutional reforms, including the introduction of a Federal System of Government and the expansion of the Indian Legislative Assembly. However, the report was rejected by the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League.

    The Simon Commission was a major turning point in the history of India. It led to the rise of the Indian independence movement and the eventual partition of India.

    Here are some frequently asked questions about the Simon Commission:

    1. What was the Simon Commission?
      The Simon Commission was a British Royal Commission appointed in November 1927 to investigate the constitutional reforms in India.

    2. Who was on the Simon Commission?
      The Simon Commission consisted of seven members, all of whom were British. The chairman was Sir John Simon, a Liberal politician.

    3. What was the purpose of the Simon Commission?
      The purpose of the Simon Commission was to investigate the constitutional reforms in India. The commission was to make recommendations for the future government of India.

    4. How was the Simon Commission received in India?
      The Simon Commission was met with widespread protests in India. The Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League boycotted the commission. The protests were so intense that the commission was forced to postpone its visit to several parts of India.

    5. What was the outcome of the Simon Commission?
      The Simon Commission submitted its report in May 1930. The report recommended a number of constitutional reforms, including the introduction of a federal system of government and the expansion of the Indian Legislative Assembly. However, the report was rejected by the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League.

    6. What was the significance of the Simon Commission?
      The Simon Commission was a major turning point in the history of India. It led to the rise of the Indian independence movement and the eventual partition of India.

    The following are some MCQs on the topics of the Simon Commission (1927) for RAS RTS Mains Exam and Ras Rts Prelims Examination:

    1. The Simon Commission was a British parliamentary commission that was appointed in 1927 to investigate the constitutional reforms in India. The commission was headed by Sir John Simon and consisted of seven members, all of whom were British.
    2. The Simon Commission was met with widespread protests in India, as it was seen as a British attempt to impose its will on the country. The protests were led by the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League.
    3. The Simon Commission submitted its report in 1930, but its recommendations were rejected by the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League. The report led to the Indian independence movement gaining momentum.
    4. The Simon Commission was a major turning point in the history of India, as it led to the rise of the Indian independence movement.

    Here are some additional details about the Simon Commission:

    • The Simon Commission was appointed by the British government in 1927 to investigate the constitutional reforms in India.
    • The commission was headed by Sir John Simon and consisted of seven members, all of whom were British.
    • The Simon Commission was met with widespread protests in India, as it was seen as a British attempt to impose its will on the country.
    • The protests were led by the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League.
    • The Simon Commission submitted its report in 1930, but its recommendations were rejected by the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League.
    • The report led to the Indian independence movement gaining momentum.
    • The Simon Commission was a major turning point in the history of India, as it led to the rise of the Indian independence movement.

    Here are some additional questions on the topics of the Simon Commission (1927) for RAS RTS Mains Exam and Ras Rts Prelims Examination:

    1. What was the purpose of the Simon Commission?
    2. Who were the members of the Simon Commission?
    3. How was the Simon Commission received in India?
    4. What were the recommendations of the Simon Commission?
    5. What was the impact of the Simon Commission on the Indian independence movement?