Climate in India varies significantly from the permanently snow-capped Himalayas in the north to the tropics in the south. The country has four seasons. December to February is relatively dry and cool, March to May is dry and hot, from June to September predominating southwest maritime winds bring monsoon rains to most of the country, and in October and November there are retreating dry monsoons originating from the northeast. Average temperatures range from 12.5̊ C to 30̊ C in the northwest, 17.5̊ C to 30̊ C in the north and northeast, and 22.5̊ C to 30̊ C in the south. Average annual rainfall is around 1,000 to 1,500 millimeters for much of the country, but can be quite low in some parts of the northwest (150 to 300 millimeters annually) and very high in the northeast and along the west coast (1,500 to 2,500 millimeters annually).
The Himalayas isolate South Asia from the rest of Asia. South of these Mountains, the climate, like the terrain, is highly diverse, but some geographers give it an overall, one-word characterization–violent. What geographers have in mind is the abruptness of change and the intensity of effect when change occurs–the onset of the monsoon rains, sudden flooding, rapid erosion, extremes of temperature, tropical storms, and unpredictable fluctuations in rainfall. Broadly speaking, agriculture in India is constantly challenged by weather uncertainty.
Summer
The worst time to be in India is in May or early June, the months right before the monsoon. It is extremely hot at this time and it is not unusual for dust storms packing 65 mile per hour winds to strike New Delhi. Women sometimes collapse and die from heat exhaustion after laboring for eight hours in the fields and then walking many kilometers to haul water back to their homes.
Fist fights break out at water taps and profiteers sell gallon jugs of water for the equivalent f a week’s pay. Industrial Plants and movie houses shut down because there is not enough water in the rivers to generate dam-produced electricity. Elephants migrate from the parched forest onto the farms of villagers and the air smell likes iodine. The monsoon is supposed to arrive around June 1st, and every day it is late exacerbates the misery.
Monsoons in India
The monsoons in India form two branches: the first, the southwest monsoon, sweeps from the Arabian Sea and drenches the Malabar coast of western India and then sweeps down towards Sri Lanka. The second, the southeast, moves northward around the same time from the Bay of Bengal and drenches Bangladesh and eastern Indian and then curves off towards the northwestern part of the country.
The southwest monsoon blows in from sea to land and usually breaks on the west coast early in June and reaches most of South Asia by the first week in July. Because of the critical importance of monsoon rainfall to agricultural production, predictions of the monsoon’s arrival date are eagerly watched by government planners and agronomists who need to determine the optimal dates for plantings.
With onset of summer in India in April, the land heats up more rapidly than the ocean and the Monsoon Winds begin to blow from west to east from the Arabian Sea inland across the Indian subcontinent. At the beginning of the summer monsoon “a low pressure area forms as heated air above the land expands, and rises and warm ocean air moves in to take its place. Passing over the hills and highland, the ocean winds then drop their moisture as torrential summer rains.” The rain falls from June to September. The wind blow from west to east from April or May to September.
During the southeast monsoon (the second or autumn monsoon) the situation is reversed. As the land cools down more rapidly than the sea, a low-pressure area develops over the ocean from October to December, and the dry monsoon winds blow steadily seaward from east to west.
In ancient times and even today dhows steered by Arab, Persian and Indian mariners utilized the monsoon winds to travel across the Arabian Sea between the Middle East, the Persian Gulf and India. Sinbad the sailor is said to have reached China from Arabia by riding the monsoons and Islam reached India as well as Malaysia and Indian on the same winds.
Winter season in india
Starting from November lasting till March, the winter days in Indiaare bright and pleasant. The hilly regions of northern India observe some snowfall also in the months of January. The soft sun of the winters in India appears to be singing soothing lullabies which may make you fall asleep as soon as you sit under sun.
But the fun of sun is interrupted too at times by the winter rains and severe cold waves from west to east passing through the northern part of the country, mainly during November to April. January is generally the coldest month of the year wherein the temperature drops down to less than 15 degrees even. In some of the hilly areas, the temperature even goes below zero degrees.
But this otherwise pleasant season of the year not only attracts the maximum of tourist traffic to India but also invites an innumerable bird species to its pleasant surroundings. The bird sanctuaries in India are flocked by a multitude of migratory birds in winters that live in a harmonious Conjunction with the resident birds here and uphold a unique example of mutual bonding.
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The Indian subcontinent experiences a variety of weather patterns throughout the year, each with its own unique characteristics. The four main seasons are summer, monsoon, winter, and autumn.
Summer is the hottest and driest season in India, lasting from March to June. The average temperature during this time of year is around 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit), and the humidity can be very high. Summer is also the time of year when most of India’s annual rainfall occurs.
The monsoon season is from July to September, and it is characterized by heavy rains and thunderstorms. The monsoon rains are essential for Agriculture In India, as they provide much-needed water for crops. However, the monsoon can also be a destructive force, as it can cause flooding and landslides.
Winter is the coldest season in India, lasting from December to February. The average temperature during this time of year is around 15 degrees Celsius (59 degrees Fahrenheit). Winter is also the time of year when most of India’s tourists arrive, as the weather is pleasant and the days are long.
Autumn is the transition season between summer and winter, lasting from October to November. The weather during this time of year is mild, with average temperatures ranging from 20 to 25 degrees Celsius (68 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit). Autumn is a popular time for weddings and other social gatherings in India.
In addition to the four main seasons, India also experiences a number of other weather patterns, including cold waves, heat waves, droughts, floods, and Cyclones-2/”>Cyclones.
Cold waves are periods of cold weather that can occur during the winter or autumn months. They can cause widespread damage to crops and Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE, and they can also lead to loss of life.
Heat waves are periods of hot weather that can occur during the summer months. They can cause heatstroke, dehydration, and other Health problems. In extreme cases, heat waves can even lead to death.
Droughts are periods of extended dry weather that can occur during any season. They can cause crop failures, water shortages, and wildfires.
Floods are periods of heavy rainfall that can cause rivers to overflow their banks. They can damage homes and businesses, and they can also lead to loss of life.
Cyclones are tropical storms that can form in the Indian Ocean. They can cause heavy rains, strong winds, and storm surges. In extreme cases, cyclones can even cause widespread destruction.
India’s diverse climate and weather patterns make it a unique and fascinating country. The four main seasons are each characterized by their own unique weather conditions, and the country also experiences a number of other weather patterns, including cold waves, heat waves, droughts, floods, and cyclones.
What are the four seasons in India?
The four seasons in India are:
Summer: The summer season in India starts from March and ends in June. The temperature during this season can go up to 45 degrees Celsius.
Monsoon: The monsoon season in India starts from June and ends in September. This is the wettest season in India, with heavy rains and thunderstorms.
Autumn: The autumn season in India starts from October and ends in December. The temperature during this season is pleasant, with cool mornings and evenings.
Winter: The winter season in India starts from December and ends in February. The temperature during this season can go down to 0 degrees Celsius in some parts of the country.
What is the best time to visit India?
The best time to visit India depends on what you want to see and do. If you want to experience the hot and humid weather, then the summer months are a good time to visit. If you want to see the monsoon rains, then the monsoon season is a good time to visit. If you want to experience the cool and pleasant weather, then the autumn and winter months are a good time to visit.
India has a variety of climates, ranging from tropical to temperate. The climate in India is influenced by the Himalayas, the Arabian Sea, and the Bay of Bengal. The Himalayas block the Cold Winds from Central Asia, which makes the northern parts of India warmer than they would otherwise be. The Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal bring moisture to the western and eastern coasts of India, respectively. This makes these regions more humid than the northern parts of India.
Climate change is having a significant impact on India. The country is experiencing more extreme weather events, such as floods, droughts, and heat waves. These events are causing widespread damage to infrastructure and agriculture. Climate change is also leading to sea level rise, which is threatening coastal communities.
What are the government’s efforts to address climate change?
The Indian government has taken a number of steps to address climate change. These include:
Setting ambitious targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
The government’s efforts are having a positive impact, but more needs to be done to address climate change. The government needs to continue to invest in renewable energy, energy efficiency, and adaptation measures. It also needs to work with other countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Question 1
Which of the following is not a type of climate in India?
Explanation India has a tropical monsoon climate, which is characterized by hot, humid summers and cool, dry winters. The monsoon season is from June to September, and it brings heavy rains to most parts of the country.
Question 2
Which of the following is the hottest month in India?
(A) May (B) June (C) July (D) August
Answer (A) May
Explanation The hottest month in India is May, with an average temperature of 33 degrees Celsius. The temperature can reach up to 45 degrees Celsius in some parts of the country.
Question 3
Which of the following is the coldest month in India?
(A) January (B) February (C) March (D) April
Answer (A) January
Explanation The coldest month in India is January, with an average temperature of 15 degrees Celsius. The temperature can drop below 10 degrees Celsius in some parts of the country.
Question 4
Which of the following is the wettest month in India?
(A) July (B) August (C) September (D) October
Answer (A) July
Explanation The wettest month in India is July, with an average rainfall of 250 mm. The rainfall can reach up to 500 mm in some parts of the country.
Question 5
Which of the following is the driest month in India?
(A) December (B) January (C) February (D) March
Answer (A) December
Explanation The driest month in India is December, with an average rainfall of 10 mm. The rainfall can drop below 5 mm in some parts of the country.