Robotics is a branch of engineering and science that includes electronics engineering, mechanical engineering and computer science and so on. This branch deals with the design, construction, use to control robots, sensory feedback and information processing. These are some technologies which will replace humans and human activities in coming years. These robots are designed to be used for any purpose but these are using in sensitive environments like bomb detection, deactivation of various bombs etc. Robots can take any form but many of them have given the human appearance. The robots which have taken the form of human appearance may likely to have the walk like humans, speech, Cognition and most importantly all the things a human can do. Most of the robots of today are inspired by nature and are known as bio-inspired robotics.
Robotics is that branch of engineering that deals with conception, design, operation, and manufacturing of robots. There was an author named Issac Asimov, he said that he was the first person to give robotics name in a short story composed in 1940’s. In that story, Issac suggested three principles about how to guide these types of robotic machines. Later on, these three principles were given the name of Issac’s three laws of Robotics. These three laws state that:
Robots will never harm human beings.
Robots will follow instructions given by humans with breaking law one.
Robots will protect themselves without breaking other rules.
There are some characteristics of robots given below:
Appearance
Robots have a physical body. They are held by the structure of their body and are moved by their mechanical parts. Without appearance, robots will be just a Software program.
Brain
Another name of brain in robots is On-board control unit. Using this robot receive information and sends commands as output. With this control unit robot knows what to do else it’ll be just a remote-controlled machine.
Sensors
The use of these sensors in robots is to gather info from the outside world and send it to Brain. Basically, these sensors have circuits in them that produces the voltage in them.
Actuators
The robots move and the parts with the help of these robots move is called Actuators. Some examples of actuators are motors, pumps, and compressor etc. The brain tells these actuators when and how to respond or move.
Program
Robots only works or responds to the instructions which are provided to them in the form of a program. These programs only tell the brain when to perform which operation like when to move, produce sounds etc. These programs only tell the robot how to use sensors data to make decisions.
Behaviour
Robots behavior is decided by the program which has been built for it. Once the robot starts making the movement, one can easily tell which kind of program is being installed inside the robot.
Types of Robots
These are the some types of robots given below:
Articulated: The feature of this robot is its rotary joints and range of these are from 2 to 10 or more joints. The arm is connected to the rotary joint and each joint is known as the axis which provides a range of movements.
Cartesian: These are also known as gantry robots. These have three joints which use the Cartesian coordinate system i.e x, y, z. These robots are provided with attached wrists to provide rotatory motion.
Cylindrical: These types of robots have at least one rotatory joints and one prismatic joint which are used to connect the links. The use of rotatory joints is to rotate along the axis and prismatic joint used to provide linear motion.
Polar: These are also known as spherical robots. The arm is connected to base with a twisting joint and have a combination of 2 rotatory joint and one linear joint.
Scara: These robots are mainly used in assembly applications. Its arm is in cylindrical in design. It has two parallel joints which are used to provide compliance in one selected plane.
Delta: The structure of these robots are like spider-shaped. They are built by joint parallelograms that are connected to the common base. The parallelogram moves in a dome-shaped work area. These are mainly used in food and electrical industries.
Scope and limitations of robots
The advance version of machines are robots which are used to do advanced tasks and are programmed to make decisions on their own. When a robot is designed the most important thing to be kept in mind is that What the function is to be performed and what are the limitations of the robot. Each robot has a basic level of complexity and each of the levels has the scope which limits the functions that are to be performed. For general basic robots, their complexity is decided by the number of limbs, actuators and the sensors that are used while for advanced robots the complexity is decided by the number of microprocessors and microcontroller used. As increasing any component in the robot, it is increasing the scope of the robot and with every joint added, the degree of the robot is enhanced.
Applications
Different types of robots can performs different types of tasks. For example, many of the robots are made for assembly work which means that they are not relevant for any other work and these types of robots are called Assembly Robots. Similarly, for seam welding many suppliers provide robots with their welding materials and these types of robots are known as Welding Robots. While on the other hand many robots are designed for heavy-duty work and are known as Heavy Duty Robots.
There are some applications given below:
Caterpillar plans which is aiming to develop remote-controlled machines and are expecting to develop heavy robots by 2021.
A robot can also do Herding task.
Robots are increasingly been used more than humans in manufacturing while in auto-Industry there are more than half of the labors are “Robots”.
Many of the robots are used as Military Robots.
Robots have been used in cleaning up of areas like toxic waste or industrial wastes etc.
Agricultural robots.
Household robots.
Domestic robots.
Nano robots.
Swarm robots.
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Robotics is a field of engineering that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots. Robots are machines that can be programmed to perform a variety of tasks, and they are used in a wide range of industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, and defense.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that deals with the creation of intelligent agents, which are systems that can reason, learn, and act autonomously. AI is used in robotics to control the behavior of robots and to enable them to perform complex tasks.
Autonomous robots are robots that can operate without human intervention. They are typically equipped with sensors that allow them to perceive their Environment and make decisions about how to act. Autonomous robots are used in a variety of applications, including search and rescue, space exploration, and manufacturing.
Computer vision is a field of computer science that deals with the extraction of meaningful information from digital images or Videos. Computer vision is used in robotics to enable robots to perceive their environment and to track and manipulate objects.
Control theory is a field of engineering that deals with the design of systems that can control their own behavior. Control theory is used in robotics to control the movement of robots and to ensure that they perform their tasks safely and efficiently.
Human-robot interaction (HRI) is a field of study that deals with the interaction between humans and robots. HRI is concerned with the design of robots that are safe, reliable, and easy to use.
Machine Learning is a field of computer science that deals with the design of algorithms that can learn from data. Machine learning is used in robotics to enable robots to learn from experience and to improve their performance over time.
Mechatronics is a field of engineering that deals with the integration of mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering principles. Mechatronics is used in robotics to design robots that are capable of complex movements and that can be controlled precisely.
Mobile robotics is a field of robotics that deals with the design and development of robots that can move around in their environment. Mobile robots are used in a variety of applications, including Logistics, transportation, and agriculture.
Perception is the process of acquiring information from the environment. Perception is used in robotics to enable robots to understand their environment and to make decisions about how to act.
Robotics Education is a field of education that deals with the teaching of robotics. Robotics education is offered at a variety of levels, from elementary school to graduate school.
Robotics research is a field of research that deals with the development of new technologies for robotics. Robotics research is conducted at universities, research labs, and companies around the world.
Robotics software is a field of software engineering that deals with the development of software for robots. Robotics software is used to control the behavior of robots and to enable them to perform complex tasks.
Robot kinematics is the study of the motion of robots. Robot kinematics is concerned with the relationship between the joint angles of a robot and the position and orientation of its end-effector.
Robot dynamics is the study of the forces and moments that act on robots. Robot dynamics is concerned with the motion of robots under the influence of these forces and moments.
Robot vision is the field of computer vision that deals with the perception of images by robots. Robot vision is used to enable robots to perceive their environment and to track and manipulate objects.
Sensors are devices that are used to collect data from the environment. Sensors are used in robotics to enable robots to perceive their environment and to make decisions about how to act.
Simulation is the process of creating a model of a real-world system. Simulation is used in robotics to test new robots and to train robot operators.
Teleoperation is the process of controlling a robot from a remote location. Teleoperation is used in applications where it is dangerous or difficult for humans to operate robots directly.
Virtual reality is a computer-generated simulation that can be used to create a realistic experience. Virtual reality is used in robotics to train robot operators and to test new robots.
Wearable robotics is a field of robotics that deals with the development of robots that can be worn by humans. Wearable robots are used in a variety of applications, including rehabilitation, healthcare, and Sports.
Robotics is a rapidly growing field with a wide range of applications. Robots are used in manufacturing, healthcare, defense, and a variety of other industries. Robotics is a challenging and exciting field that offers many opportunities for innovation and creativity.
Artificial Intelligence
What is artificial intelligence?
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that deals with the creation of intelligent agents, which are systems that can reason, learn, and act autonomously.
What are the different types of AI?
There are many different types of AI, but some of the most common include:
* **Rule-based AI:** This type of AI uses a set of rules to make decisions.
* **Statistical AI:** This type of AI uses data to make predictions.
* **Machine learning AI:** This type of AI can learn from data without being explicitly programmed.
What are some of the benefits of AI?
AI can be used to improve many aspects of our lives, including:
* **Healthcare:** AI can be used to diagnose diseases, develop new treatments, and provide personalized care.
* **Finance:** AI can be used to detect fraud, manage risk, and make Investment decisions.
* **Transportation:** AI can be used to self-drive cars, optimize traffic flow, and improve public transportation.
* **Education:** AI can be used to personalize learning, provide feedback, and diagnose learning disabilities.
What are some of the risks of AI?
AI also poses some risks, such as:
* **Job displacement:** As AI becomes more sophisticated, it is likely to replace some human jobs.
* **Bias:** AI systems can be biased, which can lead to discrimination.
* **Loss of control:** AI systems may become so complex that humans lose control over them.
How can we mitigate the risks of AI?
We can mitigate the risks of AI by:
* **Investing in research:** We need to invest in research to develop safe and reliable AI systems.
* **Regulating AI:** We need to develop regulations to ensure that AI is used responsibly.
* **Educating the public:** We need to educate the public about AI so that they can understand its benefits and risks.
Machine Learning
What is machine learning?
Machine learning is a type of artificial intelligence that allows computers to learn without being explicitly programmed.
How does machine learning work?
Machine learning works by feeding data to a computer algorithm. The algorithm then analyzes the data and identifies patterns. Once the algorithm has identified patterns, it can use those patterns to make predictions about new data.
What are some of the benefits of machine learning?
Machine learning can be used to improve many aspects of our lives, including:
* **Healthcare:** Machine learning can be used to diagnose diseases, develop new treatments, and provide personalized care.
* **Finance:** Machine learning can be used to detect fraud, manage risk, and make investment decisions.
* **Transportation:** Machine learning can be used to self-drive cars, optimize traffic flow, and improve public transportation.
* **Education:** Machine learning can be used to personalize learning, provide feedback, and diagnose learning disabilities.
What are some of the risks of machine learning?
Machine learning also poses some risks, such as:
* **Job displacement:** As machine learning becomes more sophisticated, it is likely to replace some human jobs.
* **Bias:** Machine learning systems can be biased, which can lead to discrimination.
* **Loss of control:** Machine learning systems may become so complex that humans lose control over them.
How can we mitigate the risks of machine learning?
We can mitigate the risks of machine learning by:
* **Investing in research:** We need to invest in research to develop safe and reliable machine learning systems.
* **Regulating machine learning:** We need to develop regulations to ensure that machine learning is used responsibly.
* **Educating the public:** We need to educate the public about machine learning so that they can understand its benefits and risks.
Sure, here are some multiple choice questions without mentioning the topic Robotics:
Which of the following is not a type of robot? (A) Industrial robot (B) Service robot (C) Personal robot (D) Military robot
Which of the following is not a component of a robot? (A) Sensors (B) Actuators (C) Controllers (D) Software
Which of the following is not a task that robots can perform? (A) Assembly (B) Welding (C) Painting (D) Thinking
Which of the following is not a benefit of using robots? (A) Increased productivity (B) Reduced costs (C) Improved safety (D) Increased creativity
Which of the following is not a challenge of using robots? (A) Programming (B) Integration (C) Maintenance (D) Repair
Which of the following is not a type of sensor used in robots? (A) Touch sensor (B) Vision sensor (C) Sound sensor (D) Thought sensor
Which of the following is not a type of actuator used in robots? (A) Electric motor (B) Hydraulic actuator (C) Pneumatic actuator (D) Mental actuator
Which of the following is not a type of controller used in robots? (A) Programmable logic controller (B) Microcontroller (C) Computer (D) Brain
Which of the following is not a type of software used in robots? (A) Operating system (B) Programming language (C) Application software (D) Thought software
Which of the following is not a task that robots can be used for in the future? (A) Space exploration (B) Undersea exploration (C) Medical surgery (D) Thought control