Rajasthan: Handicrafts

Rajasthan is well known all over the world for its hand-printed textiles, furniture, leatherwork, jewellery, painting, Pottery and Metal craft. The use of lively colors and flamboyant, fantasy designs is distinctive in all forms of arts and crafts of Rajasthan.

POTTERY

Pottery, one of the old crafts, has its own standing tradition in Rajasthan. Certain shapes are characteristic of Rajasthan. Alwar has been known for its double cutwork pottery known as “kagzi”. It is made of a thin layer of clay and needs a high degree of skill. Purely decorative, the pottery of Bikaner uses lac colours embellished with gold to give a glittering finish. Possibly the only pottery in the world that is made without using clay, Blue Pottery of Jaipur is unique in appearance. The art of glazed pottery came to India through Persia. The materials used are Multani clay or ‘fuller’s earth’, quartz, raw glaze, and sodium sulphate. The best pieces are hand painted with conventional floral or arabesque patterns and sometimes with figures of animals. Besides traditional articles like ‘surahis’, pots and cylindrical jars, other items include ashtrays, tiles, flower pots, lamp stands, beads, ear rings, soap cases, jugs, mugs and door knobs.

JEWELLERY

The artistic delicacy and elaborateness in the manufacturing of Rajasthani jewellery made of purest and finest materials is world-renowned. Rajasthan became famous for its jewellery Industry from very early times, being an important source of precious and semi precious stones. Sophisticated jewellery, set with precious stones using the ‘Kundankari’ technique, or decorated with bright enamel work, known as ‘minakari’, were made for the Rajput courtiers and affluent people. Skillful artisans from Lahore, Delhi, Gujarat, and Bengal, attracted by the liberal patronage of the kings, came to work in Jaipur, Bikaner, Udaipur and Jodhpur . Jaipur is the centre for gold ‘kundan’ work and a renowned centre for diamond and emerald cutting. The temple market at Nathdwara is the best place to buy silver ‘kundan’ and ‘meenakari’ work

Old silver jewellery, which is much in vogue, can be bought in Jaisalmer in every nook and corner of the small bazaar area. Pratapgarh in Chittaurgarh district is famous for ‘thewa’ jewellery .The red, green, or blue foil below highlights the intricate gold work in the best possible manner.

Textile

The whole of Rajasthan get coloured with its vibrant textiles. Cotton is produced by the Julaha caste known as Masuria. Clothes made in the Kaithoon village in Kota district are the most highly priced. Both cotton and silk is used in the making. Saris made out of this cloth fetch a good price around the country. The clothes are given treatments like rich blaze of colour, dying, block printing and numerous forms of embroidery and appliqué. Bandhani is the most intricate tie dying process. Parts of the fabric are knotted and on dying the knotted section retain the original colour. The dyes were in old days derived from natural sources such as vegetables, Minerals and insects. Bagru is known for earth colors and geometric patterns while Sanganeri clothes have bright colors and floral patterns. Barmer and Jaisalmer are famous for their batik or reverse printing work. Sikar and Jodhpur are famous for intricate tie-and-dye or bandhani designs including chunari (dotted), lahariya (diagonal striped waves) and mothra (large dots) prints. Bikaner, Sikar and Jhunjhunu are well known for the mirror work, embroidery and appliqué work that are used to embellish these fabrics to produce elaborate designs of Rajasthani dresses.

Carpets and Dhurries:

Floor coverings like carpets, hand-woven durries and namdas or soft woollen druggets of Rajasthan are exported all over the world. Available in all sizes, the dhurrie is woven in Jaipur and also in the rural areas of the state. Bikaner and Jaisalmer are known for woolen dhurries made of camel hair. Bikaner is also famous for its so-called jail carpets, which are so called for they were once made by the prisoners in the medieval times. Much like Persian carpets, Rajasthani hand-knotted carpets have geometric motifs and formal designs with a border and central motif. The motifs have indeed been localized and include peacocks and other local icons. Jaipur and Bikaner are believed to be the pioneer centres in carpet weaving.F rom Bikaner and Tonk come also the gaily-patterned, felt ‘numdahs’ or small rugs. A Durree is a cool, Light rug. Rajasthani durries are smooth and closely woven. Pastel shades and a sparse use of geometrical and vegetable motifs are popular. Jaipur is a thriving centre for carpets and durrees today.

LEATHER WORK

The use of leather in Rajasthan is very old. The beautifully designed leather shoes are well known items in the world market. Leather is embroidered, punched, studded and stitched in various eye-catching designs. The best known centres of traditional footwear are Jaipur and Jodhpur.

Decorative saddles for horses are prepared in Bikaner, Jaipur and Jaisalmer. A special type of water bottle called ‘kopi’ is made from camel hide.

Ivory work

Rajasthan’s ivory carving centres are at Udaipur, Bharatpur and Jaipur. Jaipur is famous for its carved ivory, whilst Jodhpur specialises in ivory bangles. Regal blue-glazed pottery of Jaipur is among the most arresting crafts of the state. Under regal partronage, the most delicate art of ivory carving flourished, in the princely capitals of Rajasthan; Bharatpur, Udaipur, Jaipur and Jodhpur. The art is still alive in the delicate ivory figurines of gods and goddesses, minutely carved and perfectly proportioned. Jali-work of lace like intricacy is testimony to the ivory carvers, fine eye and unerring hand. Animal figures, birds, fish trays and paper knives and a host of other decorative objects are carved with utmost artistry and craftsmanship.

METALWARE

Indian craftsmen have always shown an exceptional skill in engraving, chasing and ornamenting of gold and silver articles of everyday and decorative use. The metalware of Rajasthan comprises artistic brass work, enameled, engraved and filigree cut work on silver. The Jaipuri-engravers have mastered the medium of engraving on metal. Lacquered and engraved brassware comes in an amazing variety of articles: hanging lamps, boxes, bowls, picture frames, and plates. Traditional designs are used in different techniques such as hammered, chased or embossed and the motifs are of flowers, hunting scenes and landscapes.

In Jaipur, the engraving is done in three styles namely, (a) ‘Marori’ work- minutely lacquered designs covering the entire surface, (b) ‘chikan’- floral ornamentation standing out vividly against a chased and lacquered background and (c) ‘bichi’ – a delicate pattern of flowers and leaves, on a lacquered surface.

Traditional silver articles like ‘handas’ or water containers, spice bottles, baskets and trays are popular worldover – white metal articles too, command sizeable exports. Water carrier, ‘badla’, made of zinc, a speciality of Jodhpur, is one of the flourishing industries of Rajasthan. ‘Badlas’, usually round, semi-circular or rectangular are sometimes fitted with ice chambers and taps. In ‘Koftagari’ or damascening work, mostly practised in Alwar and Jaipur, one metal is encrusted into another in the form of wire. Popular articles are swords, daggers and shields.

STONE CARVING

Rajasthan is not merely famous for the valorous deeds and heroic sacrifices of its warriors but also for its splendid architectural monuments made of stone. Temples, forts and palaces are glorious achievements of the craftsmen that have few rivals.

Jaipur is the centre of marble carving in Rajasthan. Here artisans create marble images of the deities as well as domestic utensils such as bowls for grinding spices and kneading dough. At centres such as Ajmer, Udaipur, Jodhpur, Bikaner and Jaipur can be seen very fine examples of ‘jali’ or lattice, worked on screens and panels in the palaces of these cities.

BLOCK PRINTING

Close to Jaipur is the small Township of Sanganer, the name synonymous today with the finest block printed cottons. Some of the ‘Sanganeri chipas’ have moved to Jaipur and their colourful printed creations are widely available.

Block printing is a finely developed art in other parts of Rajasthan too. While the ‘Bagru’ prints are famous for floral designs in dark vegetable colours, the ‘Barmer’ prints are known for their bold geometric patterns, called ‘AJRAKH’.

A special process of tie-and dye creates the stylized wave pattern, or ‘laharia’, symbolizing water or the monsoon rain. Turbans and ‘odhnis’ with ‘laharia’ patterns are generally used on festive occasions, especially Teej.

Bandhani is a complicated and skilled work of ornamenting the cloth with combination of colours. Jaipur and Jodhpur, the main centres of this speciality have produced many bandhej workers who excel in their jobs.

The traditional handicrafts of Rajasthan survived and developed because they were regarded as material symbols of Rajasthan’s unique cultural ethos. With the initiative of the government, these crafts were survived with the setting up of the All India Handicrafts Board at New Delhi and the Rajasthan Small Scale Industries Corporation at Jaipur. Almost every craft is practiced and marketed in Rajasthan and the tradition has been so nurtured by the craftsmen that their products win the acclaim and appreciation from all.

Rajasthali

It is the flagship brand of the handicrafts Marketing wing of The Rajasthan Small Industries Corporation Ltd. (RSIC), a Government of Rajasthan Undertaking. Committed to promoting the handicrafts of the colourful state of Rajasthan, the brand provides a marketing umbrella to the artisans to showcase their craftsmanship and sell their wares without fear of being fleeced by the middlemen. At ‘Rajasthali’ you are exposed to an extravaganza of handcrafted products such as textile, furniture, blue pottery, terracotta pottery, paintings, silver and lac jeweller, etc. among many other traditional products from various corners of the desert state. The Rajasthani craft industry is iconic to the identity of India with many of its styles reaching the international market. With every purchase you make through ‘Rajasthali’ you contribute to the development and promotion not just of Rajasthan, but also help showcase the rich heritage.,

Rajasthan is a state in northwestern India known for its desert landscapes, forts and palaces, temples, and vibrant culture. The state is also home to a rich tradition of handicrafts, which are made using a variety of techniques and materials.

Some of the most popular Rajasthani handicrafts include:

Alwar Blue Pottery: This type of pottery is made in the city of Alwar, and is characterized by its blue and white designs. The pottery is made using a traditional method that has been passed down for generations.
Bagru Print: This type of print is made in the town of Bagru, and is characterized by its use of vegetable dyes and block printing. The prints are often used to decorate textiles, such as saris and dupattas.
Bikaner Carpet: This type of carpet is made in the city of Bikaner, and is known for its intricate designs and use of natural fibers. The carpets are often used to decorate homes and offices.
Bikaneri Jodhpuri Shawl: This type of shawl is made in the cities of Bikaner and Jodhpur, and is known for its warm and luxurious feel. The shawls are often used to keep warm in the cold desert Climate.
Churu Embroidery: This type of embroidery is made in the city of Churu, and is characterized by its use of bright colors and intricate designs. The embroidery is often used to decorate textiles, such as saris and dupattas.
Dholpur Pottery: This type of pottery is made in the city of Dholpur, and is known for its use of red clay and simple designs. The pottery is often used to make household items, such as pots and pans.
Jaipur Blue Pottery: This type of pottery is made in the city of Jaipur, and is characterized by its blue and white designs. The pottery is made using a traditional method that has been passed down for generations.
Jaipur Tie-and-Dye: This type of tie-and-dye is made in the city of Jaipur, and is characterized by its use of bright colors and intricate designs. The tie-and-dye is often used to decorate textiles, such as saris and dupattas.
Jodhpur Blue Pottery: This type of pottery is made in the city of Jodhpur, and is characterized by its blue and white designs. The pottery is made using a traditional method that has been passed down for generations.
Kota Doria: This type of fabric is made in the city of Kota, and is known for its intricate designs and use of natural fibers. The fabric is often used to make saris and other garments.
Marwar Blue Pottery: This type of pottery is made in the region of Marwar, and is characterized by its blue and white designs. The pottery is made using a traditional method that has been passed down for generations.
Pali Block Printing: This type of block printing is made in the town of Pali, and is characterized by its use of vegetable dyes and block printing. The prints are often used to decorate textiles, such as saris and dupattas.
Pushkar Blue Pottery: This type of pottery is made in the town of Pushkar, and is characterized by its blue and white designs. The pottery is made using a traditional method that has been passed down for generations.
Sanganer Block Printing: This type of block printing is made in the town of Sanganer, and is characterized by its use of vegetable dyes and block printing. The prints are often used to decorate textiles, such as saris and dupattas.
Shekhawati Miniature Painting: This type of painting is made in the Shekhawati region, and is characterized by its use of bright colors and intricate designs. The paintings are often used to decorate homes and offices.
Tonk Blue Pottery: This type of pottery is made in the city of Tonk, and is characterized by its blue and white designs. The pottery is made using a traditional method that has been passed down for generations.

Rajasthani handicrafts are a beautiful and unique part of the state’s culture. They are made using a variety of techniques and materials, and each type of handicraft has its own unique history and style. Rajasthani handicrafts are a popular souvenir for tourists, and they make a great gift for friends and family.

What are the different types of handicrafts in Rajasthan?

Rajasthan is known for its rich and diverse handicrafts, which include textiles, metalwork, woodcarving, and pottery. Some of the most popular handicrafts from Rajasthan include:

Textiles: Rajasthan is famous for its beautiful textiles, which are made from a variety of materials including cotton, silk, and wool. Some of the most popular types of Rajasthani textiles include:
- Bandhani: Bandhani is a type of tie-dye fabric that is made by tying knots in the fabric before it is dyed. This creates a unique and intricate pattern.
- Ikat: Ikat is a type of resist-dyeing fabric that is made by tying threads together before they are dyed. This creates a pattern that is woven into the fabric.
- Phulkari: Phulkari is a type of embroidery that is done on cotton fabric. It is characterized by its intricate floral patterns.
Metalwork: Rajasthan is also known for its beautiful metalwork, which is made from a variety of metals including silver, gold, and brass. Some of the most popular types of Rajasthani metalwork include:
- Jewellery: Rajasthani jewellery is known for its intricate designs and use of precious stones.
- Weapons: Rajasthan is also known for its traditional weapons, which are made from a variety of metals including steel, iron, and bronze.
- Utensils: Rajasthani utensils are made from a variety of metals including copper, brass, and silver. They are often decorated with intricate designs.
Woodcarving: Rajasthan is also known for its beautiful woodcarving, which is done on a variety of objects including furniture, doors, and windows. Some of the most popular types of Rajasthani woodcarving include:
- Temple carvings: Rajasthani temples are often decorated with intricate woodcarvings.
- Furniture: Rajasthani furniture is often made from wood and decorated with intricate carvings.
- Doors and windows: Rajasthani doors and windows are often decorated with intricate woodcarvings.
Pottery: Rajasthan is also known for its beautiful pottery, which is made from a variety of materials including clay, terracotta, and stoneware. Some of the most popular types of Rajasthani pottery include:
- Dishes: Rajasthani dishes are often made from clay and decorated with intricate designs.
- Pots: Rajasthani pots are often made from clay and used for cooking and storing food.
- Figures: Rajasthani figures are often made from clay and used for decoration.

What are the benefits of buying handicrafts?

There are many benefits to buying handicrafts, including:

Supporting local artisans: When you buy handicrafts, you are supporting the local artisans who make them. This helps to ensure that they can continue to practice their craft and earn a living.
Promoting cultural diversity: Handicrafts are a reflection of the culture and traditions of the people who make them. By buying handicrafts, you can learn about different cultures and help to promote cultural diversity.
Getting a unique product: Handicrafts are often one-of-a-kind items that you cannot find in stores. This makes them a great way to add a personal touch to your home or office.
Reducing your environmental impact: Handicrafts are often made from sustainable materials and are produced in a way that minimizes environmental impact. This makes them a more eco-friendly choice than mass-produced products.

How can I find authentic handicrafts?

There are a few things you can do to find authentic handicrafts:

Buy from reputable sources: When you buy handicrafts, it is important to buy from reputable sources. This means buying from stores or websites that have a good reputation for selling authentic products.
Ask questions: If you are not sure whether a product is authentic, ask the seller questions about it. They should be able to provide you with information about the product’s origin, materials, and production methods.
Look for quality craftsmanship: Authentic handicrafts are often made with high-quality materials and craftsmanship. Look for products that are well-made and have a level of detail that suggests they were made by hand.
Be prepared to pay a premium: Authentic handicrafts often cost more than mass-produced products. This is because they are made with higher-quality materials and craftsmanship. However, the higher price tag is often worth it for the unique and one-of-a-kind product you receive.

Which of the following is not a type of Rajasthani handicraft?
(a) Tie-dye
(b) Leatherwork
(c) Pottery
(d) Carpet weaving
Which of the following is the most famous Rajasthani handicraft?
(a) Tie-dye
(b) Leatherwork
(c) Pottery
(d) Carpet weaving
Which of the following is the main raw material used in Rajasthani tie-dye?
(a) Cotton
(b) Silk
(c) Wool
(d) Jute
Which of the following is the main raw material used in Rajasthani leatherwork?
(a) Goat skin
(b) Sheep skin
(c) Cow skin
(d) Buffalo skin
Which of the following is the main raw material used in Rajasthani pottery?
(a) Clay
(b) Sand
(c) Stone
(d) Wood
Which of the following is the main raw material used in Rajasthani carpet weaving?
(a) Wool
(b) Silk
(c) Cotton
(d) Jute
Which of the following is the most famous Rajasthani tie-dye pattern?
(a) Bandhani
(b) Ikat
(c) Dabu
(d) Kota
Which of the following is the most famous Rajasthani leatherwork product?
(a) Jodhpuri chappals
(b) Kota slippers
(c) Jaipuri juttis
(d) Ajmeri mojaris
Which of the following is the most famous Rajasthani pottery product?
(a) Jaipuri blue pottery
(b) Bikaneri pottery
(c) Jodhpuri pottery
(d) Kota pottery
Which of the following is the most famous Rajasthani carpet weaving product?
(a) Agra carpet
(b) Jaipuri carpet
(c) Jodhpuri carpet
(d) Bikaneri carpet