<–2/”>a >Harsha or Harshvardhana (590-647) ruled Northern India for over forty years. He was the son of Prabhakar Vardhan and younger brother of Rajyavardhan, king of Thaneshwar. At the height of his power his kingdom spanned the Punjab, Bengal, Orissa and the entire Indo Gangetic plain.
As a consequence to the coronation of Harshavardhana, dynasty of Thaneshwar and Kannauj amalgamated. Kannauj became a prominent city of North India and for centuries its glory perpetuated, only comparable to Patliputra. It was the desire of every state to rule kannauj. The Chinese traveler, Yhan-Chawang visited the country at the time of Harsha and praised his reign.
After Harsha, there was again political instability in North India. It was difficult to put on record and congruous and consistent history of that period on the basis material available. Only few events, here and there can be reckoned. In the first quarter of the 8th century, Yashoverman established his supremacy over Kannauj. Almost entire India came under his rule and Kannauj regained its lost fame and glory. With the co- operation of Lalitaditya Muktapeed he defended India from Arab’s attack. During that time there was a fear among the neighbouring states due to the Arab’s strength by which they ruled from China, Turkistan to Carboda city of Spain.
Later on, Lalitaditya dethroned and assassinated him in 740 AD. There was a long drawn rivalry among Pals of Bengal, Rashtrakutas of South and Gurjar Pratihars of Gujarat to gain the control of Kannauj. However the ultimate success was achieved by the Gurjar Pratihars. Their empire was vast and famed one, comparable to any king of The Gupta Dynasty or emperor Harshavardhan. Gurjar Pratihars dominated the entire 9th and 10th centuries in India. They were defeated by Mohammad Ghaznavi in the year 1018-18.
The Madhyadesh was again in the grip of Anarchy with the downfall of Pratihars, but with the emergence of Gaharwar dynasty peace and order was restored and a new era of prosperity began. There were two Gaharwar kings- Govind Chandra and Jaichand. It was the betrayal of Jaichand that Prithviraj was defeated at the hands of Muhammad Ghori at the Tarain in the year 1192. Jaichand himself was later on defeated and killed at Chandwar (Etawah). There was further unrest and invasions continued till the Chandels came to rule. They ruled more than two centuries and brought peace and order.
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The Indus Valley Civilization was an ancient civilization that flourished in the Indus River valley from 3300 to 1300 BCE. It was one of the world’s earliest urban civilizations, and its people were skilled in agriculture, Pottery, and metalworking. The Indus Valley Civilization is known for its well-planned cities, which were laid out in a grid pattern. The cities had large public buildings, such as granaries, baths, and workshops. The Indus Valley people also built impressive Drainage Systems to keep their cities clean.
The Indus Valley Civilization was a major center of Trade and Commerce. Its people traded with other civilizations in Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia. The Indus Valley Civilization declined around 1300 BCE, and its people are believed to have migrated to other parts of India.
The Harappan Culture was the culture of the Indus Valley Civilization. It was named after the city of Harappa, which was one of the largest cities of the Indus Valley Civilization. The Harappan Culture was characterized by its urban settlements, its well-developed system of agriculture, and its sophisticated art and architecture.
The Aryans were a group of Indo-European people who migrated to India from Central Asia around 1500 BCE. They brought with them their own language, culture, and religion. The Aryans conquered the Indus Valley Civilization and established their own kingdoms in India.
The Rig Veda is the oldest Hindu scripture. It is a collection of hymns that were composed by the Aryans. The Rig Veda is a valuable source of information about the Aryans’ religion, culture, and way of life.
The Mahabharata is an epic poem that tells the story of the Kurukshetra War. The Mahabharata is one of the longest poems in the world, and it is considered to be one of the most important texts in Hinduism-2/”>Hinduism.
The Ramayana is another epic poem that tells the story of Rama, a prince who is exiled from his kingdom. The Ramayana is also considered to be one of the most important texts in Hinduism.
The Upanishads are a collection of philosophical texts that were composed by the Aryans. The Upanishads are considered to be the foundation of Hindu philosophy.
Buddha was a spiritual teacher who lived in India in the 6th century BCE. He is considered to be the founder of Buddhism-2/”>Buddhism. Buddha taught that suffering is caused by desire, and that the way to end suffering is to extinguish desire.
Mahavira was a spiritual teacher who lived in India in the 6th century BCE. He is considered to be the founder of Jainism. Jainism teaches that the way to achieve liberation is to live a life of non-violence and compassion.
Ashoka was a king who ruled over the Mauryan Empire in the 3rd century BCE. He is considered to be one of the greatest rulers in Indian history. Ashoka converted to Buddhism and became a patron of the Buddhist faith. He is also known for his efforts to promote peace and non-violence.
The Gupta Empire was an empire that ruled over much of India from the 4th to the 6th centuries CE. The Gupta Empire was a golden age for Indian culture and Learning. The Guptas were patrons of the arts and sciences, and they made significant contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and literature.
Harshavardhana was a king who ruled over northern India in the 7th century CE. He was a powerful and successful ruler who expanded the boundaries of his kingdom. Harshavardhana was also a patron of the arts and literature.
The Chalukyas were a dynasty that ruled over parts of southern India from the 6th to the 12th centuries CE. The Chalukyas were a powerful and successful dynasty that built many temples and other monuments.
Cholas/”>The Cholas were a dynasty that ruled over parts of southern India from the 9th to the 13th centuries CE. The Cholas were a powerful and successful dynasty that built many temples and other monuments.
The Pandyas were a dynasty that ruled over parts of southern India from the 6th to the 14th centuries CE. The Pandyas were a powerful and successful dynasty that built many temples and other monuments.
The Vijayanagara Empire was an empire that ruled over much of southern India from the 14th to the 16th centuries CE. The Vijayanagara Empire was a golden age for Indian culture and learning. The Vijayanagarans were patrons of the arts and sciences, and they made significant contributions to architecture, sculpture, and literature.
The Mughal Empire was an empire that ruled over much of India from the 16th to the 18th centuries CE. The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur, a descendant of Timur. The Mughals were a Muslim dynasty, and they brought with them their own culture and religion. The Mughals were patrons of
Here are some frequently asked questions and short answers about the topics for the Uttar Pradesh upper sub-ordinate exam, without mentioning the topic Pre Medival:
- What is the history of Uttar Pradesh?
Uttar Pradesh is a state in northern India. It is the most populous state in India, with a Population of over 200 million people. The state is home to a diverse range of cultures and religions. The history of Uttar Pradesh can be traced back to the Indus Valley Civilization. The state was ruled by a number of different dynasties over the centuries, including the Mauryan Empire, the Gupta Empire, and the Mughal Empire. In the 18th century, Uttar Pradesh was ruled by The Nawabs Of Awadh. In 1857, the Indian Rebellion, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny, broke out in Uttar Pradesh. The rebellion was suppressed by the British, and Uttar Pradesh became a part of British India. In 1947, India gained independence from British rule, and Uttar Pradesh became a state of the Indian Union.
- What are the major cities in Uttar Pradesh?
The major cities in Uttar Pradesh are Lucknow, Agra, Kanpur, Meerut, Varanasi, Allahabad, and Noida. Lucknow is the capital of Uttar Pradesh. Agra is home to the Taj Mahal, one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Kanpur is a major industrial city. Meerut is a major military city. Varanasi is a holy city for Hindus. Allahabad is a holy city for Hindus and Muslims. Noida is a major IT hub.
- What are the major rivers in Uttar Pradesh?
The major rivers in Uttar Pradesh are the Ganges, the Yamuna, the Chambal, and the Son. The Ganges is the holiest river in Hinduism. The Yamuna is the second holiest river in Hinduism. The Chambal is a major tributary of the Yamuna. The Son is a major tributary of the Ganges.
- What are the major crops grown in Uttar Pradesh?
The major crops grown in Uttar Pradesh are wheat, rice, sugarcane, and Cotton. Wheat is the main food crop in Uttar Pradesh. Rice is the second most important food crop in Uttar Pradesh. Sugarcane is a major cash crop in Uttar Pradesh. Cotton is a major industrial crop in Uttar Pradesh.
- What are the major industries in Uttar Pradesh?
The major industries in Uttar Pradesh are textiles, sugar, engineering, and pharmaceuticals. Textiles is the largest Industry in Uttar Pradesh. Sugar is the second largest industry in Uttar Pradesh. Engineering is the third largest industry in Uttar Pradesh. Pharmaceuticals is the fourth largest industry in Uttar Pradesh.
- What are the major tourist attractions in Uttar Pradesh?
The major tourist attractions in Uttar Pradesh are the Taj Mahal, Agra Fort, Fatehpur Sikri, the Red Fort, the Qutub Minar, and the Sarnath. The Taj Mahal is a white marble mausoleum located in Agra. Agra Fort is a 16th-century fort located in Agra. Fatehpur Sikri is a 16th-century abandoned city located in Agra. The Red Fort is a 17th-century fort located in Delhi. The Qutub Minar is a minaret located in Delhi. Sarnath is a Buddhist pilgrimage site located in Varanasi.
- What are the major challenges facing Uttar Pradesh?
The major challenges facing Uttar Pradesh are POVERTY, illiteracy, Unemployment, and Corruption. Poverty is a major problem in Uttar Pradesh. Illiteracy is a major problem in Uttar Pradesh. Unemployment is a major problem in Uttar Pradesh. Corruption is a major problem in Uttar Pradesh.
- What are the major achievements of Uttar Pradesh?
The major achievements of Uttar Pradesh are the development of Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE, the improvement of Education, the improvement of healthcare, and the improvement of law and order. The development of infrastructure has led to the construction of roads, bridges, and Airports. The improvement of education has led to the increase in the number of schools and colleges. The improvement of healthcare has led to the increase in the number of hospitals and clinics. The improvement of law and order has led to the decrease in crime.
- What are the major goals of Uttar Pradesh?
The major goals of Uttar Pradesh are to eradicate poverty, to eliminate illiteracy, to provide EMPLOYMENT to all, to improve law and order, and to make Uttar Pradesh a developed state.
Here are some MCQs on the topics of Uttar Pradesh history for the upper subordinate exam:
Which of the following is not a dynasty that ruled over Uttar Pradesh?
(A) The Mauryas
(B) The Guptas
(C) The Mughals
(D) The BritishThe capital of the Mughal Empire was located in which city?
(A) Agra
(B) Delhi
(C) Lucknow
(D) VaranasiThe Battle of Buxar was fought in which year?
(A) 1764
(B) 1765
(C) 1766
(D) 1767The Revolt of 1857 was also known as the
(A) Sepoy Mutiny
(B) Indian Rebellion
(C) First War of Independence
(D) Indian MutinyThe first Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh was
(A) Govind Ballabh Pant
(B) Charan Singh
(C) Mulayam Singh Yadav
(D) MayawatiThe current Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh is
(A) Yogi Adityanath
(B) Akhilesh Yadav
(C) Mayawati
(D) Priyanka Gandhi VadraThe Official Language of Uttar Pradesh is
(A) Hindi
(B) Urdu
(C) English
(D) PunjabiThe capital of Uttar Pradesh is
(A) Lucknow
(B) Agra
(C) Kanpur
(D) VaranasiThe Population of Uttar Pradesh is approximately
(A) 200 million
(B) 220 million
(C) 240 million
(D) 260 millionThe area of Uttar Pradesh is approximately
(A) 200,000 square kilometers
(B) 220,000 square kilometers
(C) 240,000 square kilometers
(D) 260,000 square kilometersThe Literacy rate in Uttar Pradesh is approximately
(A) 60%
(B) 70%
(C) 80%
(D) 90%The sex ratio in Uttar Pradesh is approximately
(A) 900 females per 1000 males
(B) 920 females per 1000 males
(C) 940 females per 1000 males
(D) 960 females per 1000 malesThe main crops grown in Uttar Pradesh are
(A) wheat, rice, sugarcane
(B) wheat, rice, maize
(C) wheat, rice, cotton
(D) wheat, rice, pulsesThe main industries in Uttar Pradesh are
(A) textiles, sugar, engineering
(B) textiles, sugar, chemicals
(C) textiles, sugar, pharmaceuticals
(D) textiles, sugar, cementThe main tourist attractions in Uttar Pradesh are
(A) the Taj Mahal, Agra Fort, Fatehpur Sikri
(B) the Red Fort, Jama Masjid, Qutub Minar
(C) the Akshardham Temple, Lotus Temple, Jama Masjid
(D) the Golden Temple, the Gateway of India, the Taj Mahal
I hope these MCQs are helpful for your preparation for the Uttar Pradesh upper subordinate exam. Please let me know if you have any other questions.