Plant, any multicellular eukaryotic life-form characterized by
photosynthetic Nutrition (a characteristic possessed by all plants except some parasitic plants and underground orchids), in which chemical energy is produced from water, Minerals, and carbon dioxide with the aid of pigments and the radiant energy of the Sun,
essentially unlimited Growth at localized regions,
cells that contain cellulose in their walls and are therefore to some extent rigid,
the absence of organs of locomotion, resulting in a more or less stationary existence,
the absence of nervous systems, and
life histories that show an alteration of haploid and diploid generations, with the dominance of one over the other being taxonomically significant.
Plants range in size from diminutive duckweeds only a few millimetres in length to the giant sequoias of California that reach 90 metres (300 feet) or more in height. There are an estimated 390,900 different species of plants known to science, and new species are continually being described, particularly from previously unexplored tropical areas of the world. Plants evolved from aquatic ancestors and have subsequently migrated over the entire surface of Earth, inhabiting tropical, Arctic, desert, and Alpine regions. Some plants have returned to an aquatic habitat in either fresh or salt water.
Crop plants
Crop, In agriculture, a plant or plant product that can be grown and harvested extensively for profit or subsistence. By use, crops fall into six categories: Food Crops, for human consumption (e.g., wheat, potatoes); feed crops, for Livestock consumption (e.g., oats, alfalfa); Fibre Crops, for cordage and textiles (e.g., Cotton, hemp); oil crops, for consumption or industrial uses (e.g., cottonseed, corn); ornamental crops, for landscape gardening (e.g., dogwood, azalea); and industrial and secondary crops, for various personal and industrial uses (e.g., rubber, tobacco).
Forest species plants
Trees grow and die with or without or management but the number of trees on every acre and the ratio of live versus dead trees can be influenced by our actions. Keeping a healthy forest in line with an owner’s goals requires active management of vegetation. Although in the short run, letting nature take its course may seem to have few adverse consequences, in the long term it can have profound effects on the forest.This is because the natural processes themselves have already been altered at scales well beyond the boundaries of a single forest property. Years of fire suppression have radically affected millions of acres of forestland in California. This has resulted in stressed trees, disease outbreaks, and dominance of tree species that reproduce in crowded shady conditions. In the absence of fire, it is possible to thin trees to reduce competition and create openings so shade-intolerant trees can grow. Another threat that can overwhelm the landscape without active management is the spread of aggressive exotic plants.
Forests are areas with trees grouped in a way so their leaves, or foliage, shade the ground. Forests can be found just about anywhere trees can grow, from below sea level to high in the Mountains. From tropical rain forests near the Equator to boreal forests in cold climates close to the Arctic Circle, different types of forests can be found all over the world.
One way to classify different types of forests is by the type of trees a forest has. Deciduous forests have trees with green leaves that change color in the fall and drop altogether in the winter. Trees that are common in deciduous forests are oak and maple. The northeastern United States is covered in deciduous forest, and tourists flock to the area every autumn to experience the orange, yellow, and red leaves blanketing the region.
Evergreen forests have trees with leaves that stay green all year long. One of the places evergreen forests can be found is on the opposite side of the North American continent—in the Pacific Northwest, which includes the Canadian province of British Columbia and the U.S. states of Washington and Oregon. The Pacific Northwest is full of Evergreen trees like fir
Sometimes forests are classified by the type of leaves on their trees. Trees in broad-leaved forests have wide, flat leaves. Tropical rain forests are a type of broad-leaved forest. Tropical rain forests, such as Brazil’s Amazon Basin rain forest, are found near the Equator. They contain more than half of the world’s Biodiversity-2/”>Biodiversity, or variety of plant and animal species.
Coniferous forests have trees with cones and needles instead of leaves. Coniferous forests have the tallest (coast redwood), largest (giant sequoia), and oldest (bristlecone pine) trees in the world.
Many forests are mixed, meaning they have both broadleaf and coniferous trees. The eucalyptus forests of Australia are mixed forests, for instance. The evergreen eucalyptus trees are mixed with Deciduous trees like beech.
Tundra is an area where tree growth is difficult because of cold temperatures and short seasons. Vegetation in tundra is limited to a few shrubs, Grasses, and mosses. Scientists estimate roughly 1,700 different species live in the tundra, which isn’t much compared to forests and grasslands. The ground is often too cold for plants to set down roots, and without plants, few animal species can survive.
Desert
Deserts have almost no Precipitation, or rainfall. In fact, deserts are specifically defined as areas with an Average annual precipitation of less than 10 inches per year. Deserts usually have really high daytime temperatures, low nighttime temperatures, and very low humidity.
Desert Soil is often sandy, rocky, or gravely. Plant life is highly specialized to adapt to these coarse, dry conditions, with long roots, small leaves, stems that store water, and prickly spines that discourage animals from touching or eating them. Cactuses, which are native to deserts in North and South America, are an example of this kind of plant. Despite the barren look of hot deserts, they are full of animal life. Most desert animals, such as lizards or snakes, are nocturnal, meaning they are active at night. Nocturnal animals take advantage of the cooler nighttime temperatures of the hot desert.
Ice Sheet
The interesting thing about the ice sheet “vegetation region” is that there really isn’t any vegetation there at all! An ice sheet is a large stretch of glacier ice that covers the land all around it for more than 50,000 square kilometers (20,000 square miles). Currently, the only ice sheets are in Antarctica and Greenland. Don’t confuse the ice sheets, called polar ice caps, with other ice shelves or Glaciers; an ice sheet is much, much bigger.
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Plants are one of the most important groups of organisms on Earth. They provide us with food, Oxygen, and shelter, and they play a vital role in the Environment. Plant science is the study of plants, and it covers a wide range of topics, from plant anatomy to plant ECOLOGY.
Plant anatomy is the study of the structure of plants. Plants are made up of many different parts, including roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. Each part of a plant has a specific function, and all of the parts work together to keep the plant alive.
Plant biology is the study of how plants function. Plants are living organisms, and they need to take in nutrients, produce energy, and reproduce. Plant biology studies how plants do all of these things.
Plant breeding is the process of improving plants. Plant breeders select plants with desirable traits, such as high yield or disease resistance, and cross them to produce new plants with even better traits. Plant breeding has been used to develop many of the crops that we eat today.
Plant diseases are caused by pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, Fungi, and insects. Plant diseases can cause serious damage to crops, and they can even lead to crop failures. Plant pathologists study plant diseases and develop methods to control them.
Plant ecology is the study of plants in their natural environment. Plant ecologists study how plants interact with each other and with the other organisms in their environment. Plant ecology is important for understanding how Ecosystems work and for managing natural Resources.
Plant genetics is the study of the genes of plants. Genes are the basic units of heredity, and they determine the characteristics of an organism. Plant geneticists study how genes work and how they are passed down from parents to offspring. Plant genetics is important for developing new crops and for improving crop yields.
Plant growth is the process by which plants increase in size. Plant growth is controlled by a number of factors, including Light, water, and nutrients. Plant growth scientists study how plants grow and develop, and they develop methods to improve plant growth.
Plant HORMONES are chemicals that control plant growth and development. Plant hormones are produced in different parts of the plant, and they travel through the plant to their target Tissues. Plant hormones play a vital role in plant growth and development.
Plant nutrition is the study of how plants obtain and use nutrients. Plants need a variety of nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum, and chlorine. Plant nutrition scientists study how plants obtain these nutrients from the soil and how they use them to grow and develop.
Plant physiology is the study of how plants function. Plant physiology studies the processes that take place inside plants, such as Photosynthesis, Respiration, and Transpiration. Plant physiology is important for understanding how plants work and for developing new crops.
Plant propagation is the process of producing new plants. Plant propagation can be done by seed, by vegetative means, or by Tissue Culture. Plant propagation is important for agriculture, Horticulture-2/”>Horticulture, and Forestry.
Plant taxonomy is the science of classifying plants. Plant taxonomists classify plants based on their shared characteristics. Plant taxonomy is important for understanding the diversity of plants and for identifying plants.
Plant tissue culture is a technique for growing plants in a laboratory. Plant tissue culture is used to produce new plants, to study plant development, and to produce plant products. Plant tissue culture is a valuable tool for plant science.
Plant viruses are infectious agents that can cause disease in plants. Plant viruses are very small, and they can only be seen with an electron Microscope. Plant viruses are spread by a variety of means, including insects, nematodes, and contact with infected plants. Plant viruses can cause serious damage to crops, and they can even lead to crop failures.
Plant water relations is the study of how plants interact with water. Plants need water to grow and develop, but too much water can be harmful. Plant water relations scientists study how plants take up water from the soil, how they transport water within the plant, and how they lose water to the environment. Plant water relations is important for understanding how plants grow and for managing Water Resources.
Plants are fascinating organisms, and plant science is a fascinating field of study. Plant science is important for understanding the natural world and for developing new technologies.
Animals
What are the five senses of animals?
The five senses of animals are sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch.
What are the different types of animals?
There are many different types of animals, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, and insects.
What are some examples of animals?
Some examples of animals are dogs, cats, birds, fish, snakes, and insects.
What are some animal facts?
Some animal facts include the fact that the blue whale is the largest animal on Earth, the cheetah is the fastest land animal, and the octopus has three hearts.
What are some animal adaptations?
Some animal adaptations include the way that penguins have feathers that help them to stay warm in cold climates, the way that chameleons can change their color to blend in with their surroundings, and the way that bats can use echolocation to navigate in the dark.
What are some animal behaviors?
Some animal behaviors include the way that lions hunt in groups, the way that bees build hives, and the way that birds migrate.
What are some animal conservation efforts?
Some animal conservation efforts include the creation of national parks and wildlife refuges, the banning of hunting and poaching, and the Education of the public about the importance of protecting animals.
The five stages of human development are infancy, toddlerhood, early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence.
What are the different types of human intelligence?
There are many different types of human intelligence, including linguistic intelligence, logical-mathematical intelligence, spatial intelligence, musical intelligence, bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, intrapersonal intelligence, and naturalist intelligence.
Some human rights include the right to life, the right to Liberty and security of person, the right to freedom from torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, the right to Equality before the law, and the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion.
Some human values include love, compassion, kindness, honesty, Integrity, courage, and responsibility.
What are some human achievements?
Some human achievements include the invention of the wheel, the development of agriculture, the writing of the first alphabet, the discovery of fire, and the landing of humans on the moon.
What are some human challenges?
Some human challenges include POVERTY, hunger, disease, war, and Climate change.
Earth
What are the different layers of Earth?
The different layers of Earth are the crust, the mantle, the outer core, and the inner core.
What are the different continents on Earth?
The different continents on Earth are Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America.
The different oceans on Earth are the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, and the Southern Ocean.
What are some Earth facts?
Some Earth facts include the fact that Earth is the third planet from the Sun, the fact that Earth is the only planet in our Solar System that is known to support life, and the fact that Earth is a sphere that is slightly flattened at the poles.
What are some Earth features?
Some Earth features include mountains, valleys, deserts, forests, oceans, and rivers.
What are some Earth resources?
Some Earth resources include water, minerals, fossil fuels, and RENEWABLE ENERGY sources.
What are some Earth challenges?
Some Earth challenges include Climate Change, pollution, deforestation, and overpopulation.
What is the process by which plants make food? (A) Photosynthesis (B) Respiration (C) Transpiration (D) Digestion
What is the main function of leaves? (A) To produce food (B) To absorb sunlight (C) To release oxygen (D) To transpire water
What is the main function of roots? (A) To produce food (B) To absorb sunlight (C) To release oxygen (D) To absorb water and minerals
What is the main function of stems? (A) To produce food (B) To absorb sunlight (C) To release oxygen (D) To support the plant and transport water and minerals
What is the main function of flowers? (A) To produce food (B) To absorb sunlight (C) To release oxygen (D) To reproduce
What is the main function of fruits? (A) To produce food (B) To absorb sunlight (C) To release oxygen (D) To protect the seeds
What is the main function of seeds? (A) To produce food (B) To absorb sunlight (C) To release oxygen (D) To reproduce
What is the main function of pollen? (A) To produce food (B) To absorb sunlight (C) To release oxygen (D) To fertilize the ovule
What is the main function of nectar? (A) To produce food (B) To absorb sunlight (C) To release oxygen (D) To attract pollinators
What is the main function of a pollinator? (A) To produce food (B) To absorb sunlight (C) To release oxygen (D) To fertilize the ovule
What is the main function of a seed coat? (A) To protect the seed (B) To absorb water (C) To release oxygen (D) To germinate the seed
What is the main function of a root hair? (A) To absorb water and minerals (B) To produce food (C) To release oxygen (D) To transpire water
What is the main function of a stomata? (A) To absorb water and minerals (B) To produce food (C) To release oxygen (D) To transpire water
What is the main function of a xylem? (A) To absorb water and minerals (B) To produce food (C) To release oxygen (D) To transpire water
What is the main function of a phloem? (A) To absorb water and minerals (B) To produce food (C) To release oxygen (D) To transport food
What is the main function of a chloroplast? (A) To absorb water and minerals (B) To produce food (C) To release oxygen (D) To transpire water
What is the main function of a mitochondrion? (A) To absorb water and minerals (B) To produce food (C) To release oxygen (D) To respire
What is the main function of a vacuole? (A) To absorb water and minerals (B) To produce food (C) To release oxygen (D) To store food and water
What is the main function of a nucleus? (A) To control the cell’s activities (B) To produce food (C) To release oxygen (D) To transpire water
What is the main function of a cell membrane? (A) To control the cell’s activities (B) To produce food (C) To release oxygen (D) To transpire water