Outline the major differences in International criminal court and International court of justice.

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Basis of diff	ICJ	ICC
Year of estb.	1946	2002
Relationship with UN	Official court of UN, Commonly known as world court	Independent, not governed by UN. Prior sanction of UN is not mandatory for launching of prosecution.
HQ	Peace place, Hague	Hague
Jurisdiction	UN member states, Can give advisory opinions to UN bodies	Individuals accused of crimes. Uses international law
Type of cases	Sovereignty, boundary disputes, maritime disputes, trade, natural Resources, Human Rights, treaty violations, treaty inetrpretation	Genocide, Crime against humanity, war crimes, crimes of aggression
Source of authority	Derives authority from UN charter, non UN members can also become members by ratifying the ICJ statue	Rome statue
Appeals	ICJ decision is binding. UNSC can review if states do not comply.	Appeals Chamber, according to Rome Statute.
Funding	UN funded	contribution from state parties to the Rome Statute; voluntary contributions from the U.N; voluntary contributions from governments, international organizations, individuals, corporations and other entities.

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The International Criminal Court (ICC) is an independent court that investigates and prosecutes individuals accused of the most serious crimes of international concern, such as genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. The ICC was established in 2002 by the Rome Statute, which is an international treaty that has been ratified by 123 states. The ICC is located in The Hague, Netherlands.

The ICC can only prosecute individuals who are nationals of states that have ratified the Rome Statute or who are accused of crimes committed on the territory of a state that has ratified the Rome Statute. The ICC has no jurisdiction over crimes committed by nationals of non-state parties or on the territory of non-state parties. The ICC can only prosecute individuals who are not already being prosecuted by a national court. The ICC has no jurisdiction over crimes that were committed before the Rome Statute entered into force.

The Justice/”>International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. The ICJ was established in 1945 by the Charter of the United Nations. The ICJ is located in The Hague, Netherlands.

The ICJ has jurisdiction over disputes between states. The ICJ can only hear cases that are submitted to it by states. The ICJ has no jurisdiction over disputes between individuals or between states and individuals. The ICJ can only hear cases that are not already being heard by another court. The ICJ has no jurisdiction over disputes that are considered to be within the domestic jurisdiction of a state.

The major differences between the ICC and the ICJ are as follows:

The ICC has jurisdiction over individuals, while the ICJ has jurisdiction over states.
The ICC can only prosecute individuals who are accused of the most serious crimes of international concern, while the ICJ can hear cases on a wider range of issues.
The ICC is a permanent court, while the ICJ is a court of limited jurisdiction.
The ICC is funded by contributions from states, while the ICJ is funded by the United Nations.

The ICC and the ICJ are both important institutions for the promotion of international justice. The ICC plays a vital role in ensuring that individuals who commit the most serious crimes of international concern are held accountable for their actions. The ICJ plays an important role in resolving disputes between states peacefully and in accordance with international law.

The International Criminal Court (ICC) is an independent court that investigates and, where warranted, tries individuals accused of the most serious crimes of international concern, namely genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression.

The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. It settles legal disputes between States and gives advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by authorized United Nations organs and specialized agencies.

The main differences between the ICC and the ICJ are:

Jurisdiction: The ICC has jurisdiction over individuals, while the ICJ has jurisdiction over States.
Subject-matter jurisdiction: The ICC has jurisdiction over the most serious crimes of international concern, while the ICJ has jurisdiction over a wider range of legal disputes, including those relating to treaties, international customary law, and general principles of law.
Procedure: The ICC is a permanent court with its own judges and staff, while the ICJ is a court of arbitration that is convened on an ad hoc basis for each case.
Location: The ICC is located in The Hague, Netherlands, while the ICJ is located in The Hague, Netherlands.

Here are some frequently asked questions about the ICC:

What is the ICC? The ICC is an independent court that investigates and, where warranted, tries individuals accused of the most serious crimes of international concern, namely genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression.
Who can be tried by the ICC? The ICC can only try individuals, not States. Individuals can be tried by the ICC if they are nationals of a State Party to the Rome Statute, if the crime was committed on the territory of a State Party, or if the Security Council refers the situation to the ICC.
What are the most serious crimes of international concern? The most serious crimes of international concern are genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression. Genocide is the intentional destruction of a national, ethnic, racial or religious group. Crimes against humanity are serious crimes, such as murder, torture, rape and forced displacement, committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack against a civilian Population. War crimes are serious violations of international humanitarian law, such as the use of prohibited weapons or the targeting of civilians. The crime of aggression is the planning, preparation, initiation or execution of an act of aggression by a State against another State.
How does the ICC work? The ICC is a permanent court with its own judges and staff. The ICC can only investigate and prosecute cases that have been referred to it by a State Party, the Security Council or the Prosecutor of the ICC. The ICC has jurisdiction over crimes committed after 1 July 2002, when the Rome Statute entered into force.
What are the challenges facing the ICC? The ICC faces a number of challenges, including the lack of cooperation from some States, the limited resources available to the Court and the politicization of the Court’s work.

Here are some frequently asked questions about the ICJ:

What is the ICJ? The ICJ is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. It settles legal disputes between States and gives advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by authorized United Nations organs and specialized agencies.
Who can bring a case before the ICJ? Only States can bring cases before the ICJ. The ICJ cannot hear cases between individuals or between individuals and States.
What are the types of cases that the ICJ can hear? The ICJ can hear cases on a wide range of legal issues, including those relating to treaties, international customary law, and general principles of law.
How does the ICJ decide cases? The ICJ decides cases by majority vote of the judges. The judges are not bound by any national law or legal precedent.
What are the consequences of an ICJ judgment? An ICJ judgment is binding on the parties to the case. The parties are obliged to comply with the judgment in good faith.
What are the challenges facing the ICJ? The ICJ faces a number of challenges, including the lack of compliance with its judgments, the limited resources available to the Court and the politicization of the Court’s work.

The main differences between the ICC and the ICJ are:

Jurisdiction: The ICC has jurisdiction over individuals, while the ICJ has jurisdiction over States.
Subject-matter jurisdiction: The ICC has jurisdiction over the most serious crimes of international concern, while the ICJ has jurisdiction over a wider range of legal disputes.
Composition: The ICC is composed of 18 judges, while the ICJ is composed of 15 judges.
Procedure: The ICC’s proceedings are more adversarial than the ICJ’s proceedings.
Location: The ICC is located in The Hague, Netherlands, while the ICJ is located in The Hague, Netherlands.

Here are some multiple choice questions about the ICC and the ICJ:

Which of the following is not a crime that the ICC can prosecute?
(A) Genocide
(B) Crimes against humanity
(C) War crimes
(D) Trafficking in persons
Which of the following is not a function of the ICJ?
(A) Settle legal disputes between States
(B) Give advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by authorized United Nations organs and specialized agencies
(C) Punish individuals accused of the most serious crimes of international concern
(D) Rule on the legality of the use of force by States
The ICC is composed of how many judges?
(A) 18
(B) 15
(C) 12
(D) 9
The ICJ is located in which city?
(A) The Hague, Netherlands
(B) New York City
(C) Geneva, Switzerland
(D) Paris, France
The ICC’s proceedings are more adversarial than the ICJ’s proceedings. This means that:
(A) The ICC’s proceedings are more secretive than the ICJ’s proceedings.
(B) The ICC’s proceedings are more public than the ICJ’s proceedings.
(C) The ICC’s proceedings are more focused on the rights of the accused than the ICJ’s proceedings.
(D) The ICC’s proceedings are more focused on the interests of the victims than the ICJ’s proceedings.

The correct answers are:
1. (D)
2. (C)
3. (A)
4. (A)
5. (C)