Discover the diverse geography of Odisha, featuring coastal plains, fertile river valleys, and forested hills. Learn about the state’s varied climate, rich biodiversity, and natural resources. Explore how Odisha’s unique landscapes influence its agriculture, culture, and economic activities, shaping its distinct regional identity within India.
FAQs on ORRISA GEOGRAPHY
- What is the geographical location of Odisha?
Odisha is a state located on the eastern coast of India, along the Bay of Bengal. It is bordered by West Bengal and Jharkhand to the north, Chhattisgarh to the west, and Andhra Pradesh to the south.
- What are the major rivers in Odisha?
- The major rivers flowing through Odisha are:
- Mahanadi: The largest river in Odisha, known for its extensive delta and fertile plains.
- Brahmani: Formed by the confluence of the Sankh and South Koel rivers.
- Baitarani: Flows through the Keonjhar and Jajpur districts.
- Subarnarekha: Originates in Jharkhand and flows through Odisha before entering the Bay of Bengal.
- Rushikulya: A major river in southern Odisha.
- What are the main physiographic divisions of Odisha?
- Odisha can be broadly divided into four physiographic regions:
- The Northern Plateau: A hilly region in the north, forming a part of the Chotanagpur Plateau.
- The Central Tableland: A rolling upland region with numerous rivers and valleys.
- The Eastern Ghats: A range of hills running along the eastern coast.
- The Coastal Plains: A narrow strip of land along the Bay of Bengal, known for its fertile soil and numerous lagoons.
- What is the climate of Odisha?
- Odisha experiences a tropical wet and dry climate. Summers are hot and humid, while winters are mild and pleasant. The state receives most of its rainfall during the monsoon season (June to September).
- What are the major natural resources found in Odisha?
- Odisha is rich in natural resources, including:
- Minerals: The state is a leading producer of iron ore, bauxite, chromite, coal, and manganese.
- Forests: Odisha has a significant forest cover, home to diverse flora and fauna.
- Water resources: The Mahanadi and its tributaries are important water resources for irrigation, hydropower generation, and drinking.
- Coastal resources: The long coastline supports fishing and aquaculture activities.
- What are the major crops grown in Odisha?
- The major crops grown in Odisha are:
- Rice
- Pulses
- Oilseeds (groundnut, sesame)
- Sugarcane
- Cotton
- Jute
- What are the major cities in Odisha?
- The major cities in Odisha include:
- Bhubaneswar (capital)
- Cuttack
- Rourkela
- Berhampur
- Sambalpur
- What are some important geographical features of Odisha?
- Some important geographical features of Odisha include:
- Chilika Lake: The largest brackish water lagoon in Asia and a Ramsar site.
- Bhitarkanika National Park: A mangrove wetland and a Ramsar site, known for its biodiversity.
- Simlipal National Park: A tiger reserve and a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.
- Konark Sun Temple: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, known for its unique architecture.
- Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves: Ancient rock-cut caves with Jain and Hindu sculptures.