Oceans Tides

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Oceans  tides

An ocean tide refers to the cyclic rise and fall of seawater. Tides are caused by slight variations in gravitational attraction between the Earth and the moon and the Sun in geometric relationship with locations on the Earth's surface. Tides are periodic primarily because of the cyclical influence of the Earth's rotation.

The moon is the primary factor controlling the temporal rhythm and height of tides. The moon produces two tidal bulges somewhere on the Earth through the effects of gravitational attraction. The height of these tidal bulges is controlled by the moon's Gravitational Force and the Earth's gravity pulling the water back toward the Earth. At the location on the Earth closest to the moon, seawater is drawn toward the moon because of the greater strength of gravitational attraction. On the opposite side of the Earth, another tidal bulge is produced away from the moon. However, this bulge is due to the fact that at this point on the Earth the force of the moon's gravity is at its weakest. Considering this information, any given point on the Earth's surface should experience two tidal crests and two tidal troughs during each tidal period.

The timing of tidal events is related to the Earth's rotation and the revolution of the moon around the Earth. If the moon was stationary in space, the tidal cycle would be 24 hours long. However, the moon is in motion revolving around the Earth. One revolution takes about 27 days and adds about 50 minutes to the tidal cycle. As a result, the tidal period is 24 hours and 50 minutes in length.

The second factor controlling tides on the Earth's surface is the Sun's gravity. The height of the Average solar tide is about 50% the average lunar tide. At certain times during the moon's revolution around the Earth, the direction of its gravitational attraction is aligned with the Sun's. During these times the two tide producing bodies act together to create the highest and lowest tides of the year. These Spring Tides occur every 14-15 days during full and new moons.

When the gravitational pull of the moon and Sun are at right angles to each other, the daily tidal variations on the Earth are at their least. These events are called Neap Tides and they occur during the first and last quarter of the moon.

Types of Tides  

The geometric relationship of moon and Sun to locations on the Earth's surface results in creation of three different types of tides. In parts of the northern Gulf of Mexico and Southeast Asia, tides have one high and one low water per tidal day . These tides are called diurnal tides.

Semi-diurnal tides have two high and two low waters per tidal day . They are common on the Atlantic coasts of the United States and Europe.

Many parts of the world experience mixed tides where successive high-water and low-water stands differ appreciably. In these tides, we have a higher high water and lower high water as well as higher low water and lower low water. The tides around west coast of Canada and the United States are of this type.

Temperature of oceans

The temperature of the ocean determines what form the water takes. Most of the ocean is liquid water, but if it gets cold enough, it turns to solid ice, or if it gets hot enough, it can pass into the Atmosphere as water vapour.

Water warms up more slowly than air but can hold more heat – water needs 4 times as much energy to raise its temperature by 1ºC as the same mass of air does – so the ocean plays an important part in taking up energy from the Sun and stopping the Earth getting too hot.

Variation in temperature

The temperature of the ocean, especially the surface, varies from place to place and from season to season. Ocean temperature depends on the amount of Solar Energy absorbed.

Tropical oceans receive a lot of direct overhead sunlight for much of the year, so the water is warm. Summer is the only time polar regions receive sunlight, and even then, it is never directly overhead, so water in these places tends to be cold. The amount of sunlight that hits the temperate regions (between the tropics and the poles) varies between summer and winter. The variation in solar energy absorbed means that the ocean surface can vary in temperature from a warm 30°C in the tropics to a very cold -2°C near the poles.

The temperature of the ocean also varies from top to bottom, giving a vertical structure to most of the ocean. There is an upper layer of water, up to 200m deep, that is warmed by the Sun and has the same temperature from top to bottom. Below that is a layer called the thermocline, reaching down in places to 1000m, which is colder at the bottom than at the top. The deep ocean below the thermocline, making up 80% of the ocean, is the same very cold temperature throughout.

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The ocean is a vast and complex system that plays a vital role in the Earth’s Climate and Ecosystems. It covers over 70% of the planet’s surface and contains over 97% of the Earth’s water. The ocean is home to an incredible diversity of life, from tiny plankton to giant whales. It also plays a major role in the global economy, providing food, jobs, and transportation.

The ocean is constantly in motion, driven by the forces of tides, waves, currents, and salinity. Tides are the rise and fall of sea level caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun. Waves are created by the wind blowing over the surface of the water. Currents are the large-scale movement of water in the ocean. Salinity is the saltiness of water, and it varies depending on the amount of Evaporation and Precipitation. Temperature is also important, as it affects the distribution of marine life.

Ocean Acidification is a major threat to the ocean. It is caused by the absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, which makes the water more acidic. This can have a devastating impact on marine life, as it can make it difficult for them to build shells and skeletons.

Marine life is incredibly diverse, and it plays a vital role in the ocean ecosystem. Fish, shellfish, and other marine animals provide food for humans and other animals. They also help to regulate the climate and clean the water.

The ocean floor is a vast and largely unexplored region. It is home to a variety of geological features, including Volcanoes-2/”>Volcanoes, hydrothermal vents, and seamounts. The ocean floor is also home to a variety of marine life, including deep-sea fish, sponges, and Corals.

Ocean exploration is the process of studying the ocean and its inhabitants. It is a challenging and dangerous endeavor, but it has yielded a wealth of knowledge about the ocean. Ocean exploration has helped us to understand the ocean’s role in the Earth’s climate, its importance to marine life, and its potential Resources.

Ocean conservation is the practice of protecting the ocean and its resources. It is important to conserve the ocean because it is a vital part of the Earth’s ecosystem. The ocean provides food, jobs, and transportation. It also regulates the climate and cleans the water.

Ocean policy is the set of laws and regulations that govern the use of the ocean. It is important to have effective ocean policy in order to protect the ocean and its resources. Ocean policy should be based on Sound science and should take into account the needs of all stakeholders.

Ocean economics is the study of the economic value of the ocean. The ocean is a valuable resource, and it provides a variety of economic benefits. Ocean economics can help us to understand the value of the ocean and to make decisions that will protect it.

Ocean governance is the process of managing the ocean and its resources. It is important to have effective ocean governance in order to protect the ocean and its resources. Ocean governance should be based on sound science and should take into account the needs of all stakeholders.

The ocean is a vital part of the Earth’s ecosystem, and it is important to protect it. We can do this by understanding the ocean, conserving its resources, and managing it effectively.

Oceans

1. What is the largest ocean?
   The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world, covering about 30% of the Earth’s surface.
2. What is the deepest ocean?
   The Pacific Ocean is the deepest ocean, with an average depth of 14,040 feet (4,270 meters).
3. What is the saltiest ocean?
   The Atlantic Ocean is the saltiest ocean, with an average salinity of 35 parts per thousand.
4. What is the coldest ocean?
   The Arctic Ocean is the coldest ocean, with an average surface temperature of 28 degrees Fahrenheit (-2 degrees Celsius).
5. What is the warmest ocean?
   The Pacific Ocean is the warmest ocean, with an average surface temperature of 68 degrees Fahrenheit (20 degrees Celsius).

Tides

1. What causes tides?
   Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun on the Earth’s oceans.
2. How often do tides occur?
   Tides occur twice a day, with high tide and low tide.
3. How much do tides vary?
   Tides can vary in height by up to 50 feet (15 meters).
4. What are the different types of tides?
   There are two main types of tides: diurnal tides and semidiurnal tides. Diurnal tides occur once a day, while semidiurnal tides occur twice a day.
5. What are the effects of tides?
   Tides have a number of effects, including the formation of estuaries, the erosion of coastlines, and the generation of tidal power.

1. The Earth’s oceans cover about ____ of the Earth’s surface.
   (A) 71%
   (B) 80%
   (C) 90%
   (D) 100%

2. The deepest part of the ocean is the Mariana Trench, which is ____ deep.
   (A) 11,034 meters
   (B) 12,000 meters
   (C) 13,000 meters
   (D) 14,000 meters

3. The ocean is home to a variety of marine life, including ____.
   (A) fish
   (B) coral
   (C) whales
   (D) all of the above

4. The ocean plays an important role in the Earth’s climate, as it helps to regulate the Earth’s temperature.
   (A) True
   (B) False

5. The ocean is a major source of food and jobs for people around the world.
   (A) True
   (B) False

6. The ocean is a major source of pollution, as it is home to a variety of pollutants, including oil spills, sewage, and plastic waste.
   (A) True
   (B) False

7. The ocean is a major Source Of Energy, as it can be used to generate electricity from waves, tides, and currents.
   (A) True
   (B) False

8. The ocean is a major source of recreation, as it is home to a variety of activities, including swimming, surfing, and fishing.
   (A) True
   (B) False

9. The ocean is a major source of mystery, as it is home to a variety of unexplored areas, including the Mariana Trench and the Bermuda Triangle.
   (A) True
   (B) False

10. The ocean is a major source of inspiration, as it has been the subject of art, literature, and music for centuries.
    (A) True
    (B) False