Lucknow Pact (1916)

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<–2/”>a >Nationalists saw that their disunity was affecting their cause

  • Two important developments at the Lucknow Session of Congress
    • The two wings of the Congress were again united
    • The Congress and the Muslim League sank their old differences and put up common political demands before the government.
  • INC and ML passed the same resolutions at their sessions, put forward a joint scheme of political reforms based on separate electorates, and demanded that the British Government should make a declaration that it would confer self-government on India at an early date.
  • The pact accepted the principle of separate electorates
  • Main clauses of the pact
  • There shall be self-government in India.
  • Muslims should be given one-third representation in the central government.
  • There should be separate electorates for all the communities until a community demanded joint electorates.
  • A system of weightage should be adopted.
  • The number of the members of Central Legislative Council should be increased to 150.
  • At the provincial level, four-fifth of the members of the Legislative Councils should be elected and one-fifth should be nominated.
  • The size of provincial legislatures should not be less than 125 in the major provinces and from 50 to 75 in the minor provinces.
  • All members, except those nominated, should be elected directly on the basis of Adult Franchise.
  • No bill concerning a community should be passed if the bill is opposed by three-fourth of the members of that community in the Legislative Council.
  • The term of the Legislative Council should be five years.
  • Members of Legislative Council should themselves elect their president.
  • Half of the members of Imperial Legislative Council should be Indians.
  • The Indian Council must be abolished.
  • The salaries of the Secretary of State for Indian Affairs should be paid by the British government and not from Indian funds.
  • Of the two Under Secretaries, one should be Indian.
  • The Executive should be separated from the Judiciary.
  • Evaluation
    • As an immediate effect, the unity between the two factions of the congress and between INC and ML aroused great political enthusiasm in the country
    • However, it did not involve Hindu and Muslim masses  and was based on the notion of bringing together the educated Hindus and Muslims as separate political entities without secularization of their political outlook
    • The pact therefore left the way open to the future resurgence of Communalism in Indian politics.

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The Lucknow Pact was a political agreement between the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League, signed on December 29, 1916, in Lucknow, India. The pact was a major step forward in the Indian independence movement, and it helped to unite the two major Political Parties in India.

The pact agreed on a number of important issues, including:

  • The goal of self-government for India
  • The need for Hindu-Muslim unity
  • The need to reform the Indian government
  • The need to improve the lives of the Indian people

The Lucknow Pact was a significant achievement, and it helped to pave the way for the independence of India.

The following are the subtopics of the Lucknow Pact:

  • Goal of self-government for India: The pact agreed that the goal of both the Congress and the League was self-government for India. This was a major step forward, as it was the first time that the two parties had agreed on a common goal.
  • Need for Hindu-Muslim unity: The pact recognized the need for Hindu-Muslim unity, and it called for both parties to work together to achieve this goal. This was a significant achievement, as it helped to reduce tensions between the two communities.
  • Need to reform the Indian government: The pact called for a number of reforms to the Indian government, including the introduction of a Responsible Government and the expansion of the franchise. This was a major step forward, as it helped to make the Indian government more representative of the Indian people.
  • Need to improve the lives of the Indian people: The pact called for a number of measures to improve the lives of the Indian people, including the improvement of Education, healthcare, and agriculture. This was a major step forward, as it helped to improve the lives of the Indian people.

The Lucknow Pact was a significant achievement, and it helped to pave the way for the independence of India. It was a major step forward in the Indian independence movement, and it helped to unite the two major political parties in India. The pact agreed on a number of important issues, including the goal of self-government for India, the need for Hindu-Muslim unity, the need to reform the Indian government, and the need to improve the lives of the Indian people. The Lucknow Pact was a significant achievement, and it helped to pave the way for the independence of India.

What is the Lucknow Pact?

The Lucknow Pact was a political agreement between the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League, signed on December 29, 1916. The pact was a major step forward in the Indian independence movement, as it brought together the two major political parties in India. The pact agreed on a number of important issues, including the future of India after British rule, the role of religion in politics, and the rights of minorities.

What were the main points of the Lucknow Pact?

The main points of the Lucknow Pact were:

  • The two parties agreed to work together for the attainment of swaraj (self-rule) for India.
  • They agreed to the principle of separate electorates for Muslims.
  • They agreed to the principle of joint electorates for Hindus and Muslims in some provinces.
  • They agreed to the principle of weightage for Muslims in the legislatures.
  • They agreed to the principle of reservation of seats for Muslims in the legislatures.

What was the significance of the Lucknow Pact?

The Lucknow Pact was a major step forward in the Indian independence movement. It brought together the two major political parties in India, the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League. The pact agreed on a number of important issues, including the future of India after British rule, the role of religion in politics, and the rights of minorities. The pact was a major achievement for the Indian independence movement, and it helped to pave the way for the independence of India in 1947.

What were the criticisms of the Lucknow Pact?

The Lucknow Pact was criticized by some for being too accommodating to the Muslim League. Some Hindus felt that the pact gave too much power to the Muslims, and that it would lead to the creation of a separate Muslim state. Others criticized the pact for its acceptance of separate electorates for Muslims, which they saw as a form of communalism.

What were the consequences of the Lucknow Pact?

The Lucknow Pact had a number of consequences. It helped to strengthen the Indian independence movement, and it brought together the two major political parties in India. The pact also helped to pave the way for the independence of India in 1947. However, the pact also had some negative consequences. It led to the creation of a separate Muslim state, Pakistan, in 1947. It also led to increased communal tension between Hindus and Muslims.

What is the legacy of the Lucknow Pact?

The Lucknow Pact is a significant event in Indian history. It was a major step forward in the Indian independence movement, and it helped to pave the way for the independence of India in 1947. However, the pact also had some negative consequences, such as the creation of a separate Muslim state, Pakistan, in 1947. The legacy of the Lucknow Pact is still debated today.

The following are MCQs about the topics of the Lucknow Pact (1916) without mentioning the topic itself:

  1. The Lucknow Pact was signed in which year?
    (A) 1915
    (B) 1916
    (C) 1917
    (D) 1918

  2. The Lucknow Pact was signed between which two parties?
    (A) The Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League
    (B) The Indian National Congress and the British government
    (C) The All-India Muslim League and the British government
    (D) The Indian National Congress and the Hindu Mahasabha

  3. The Lucknow Pact agreed on which of the following?
    (A) The establishment of a separate Muslim state
    (B) The granting of self-government to India
    (C) The creation of a joint electorate for Muslims and Hindus
    (D) The granting of separate electorates for Muslims and Hindus

  4. The Lucknow Pact was a significant event in Indian history because it
    (A) marked the first time that the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League had worked together
    (B) led to the establishment of the All-India Muslim League
    (C) led to the granting of self-government to India
    (D) led to the partition of India

  5. The Lucknow Pact was ultimately unsuccessful because
    (A) it was opposed by the British government
    (B) it was opposed by the Hindu Mahasabha
    (C) it was opposed by the Muslim League
    (D) it was opposed by both the British government and the Hindu Mahasabha